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化学进展 2019, Vol. 31 Issue (2/3): 381-393 DOI: 10.7536/PC180604 前一篇   后一篇

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铁氧体磁性纳米催化剂的制备及其在资源能源领域的应用

朱向阳1,2, 倪善1,2, 毕秦岭3,**(), 杨良嵘1,**(), 邢慧芳1,2, 刘会洲1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室(中国科学院过程工程研究所) 北京 100190
    2. 中国科学院大学 北京 100049
    3. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司石油化工研究院 北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-04 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2018-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 毕秦岭, 杨良嵘
  • 基金资助:
    中石油企业合作项目(PRIKY17094); 国家自然科学基金项目(21676273); 国家自然科学基金项目(U1507203); 中国高科技研究与发展计划(2015CB251402); 北京市自然科学基金项目(2194086)
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Preparation of Ferrite Magnetic Nano-Catalysts and Their Applications in the Field of Resources and Energy

Xiangyang Zhu1,2, Shan Ni1,2, Qinling Bi3,**(), Liangrong Yang1,**(), Huifang Xing1,2, Huizhou Liu1,2   

  1. 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Petro China Company Limited. Petrochemical Research Institute, Petro China, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2018-06-04 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2018-12-20
  • Contact: Qinling Bi, Liangrong Yang
  • About author:
    ** E-mail: (Liangrong Yang);
    (Qinling Bi)
  • Supported by:
    work was supported by China Petroleum Enterprise Cooperation Project(PRIKY17094); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676273); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1507203); Chinese High Technology Research and Development Program(2015CB251402); Beijing Natural Science Fundation of China(2194086)

随着石油开采技术的不断提高,石油资源的开发和利用规模逐渐增大,然而现存的石油资源组成复杂、黏度高,使用常规的催化剂进行改质存在利用率低、回收困难等问题。生物质能已成为化石燃料的潜在替代品,生物质的催化转化是制备各种商品化学品或液体燃料的主要途径之一。然而生物质催化转化中常用的均相催化剂及非均相催化剂同样具有难回收再利用以及分离损失大等问题,限制了其应用。磁性纳米催化剂不仅具有高催化活性,在外加磁场作用下还能实现催化剂的回收与重复利用,在工业生产得以连续化的同时,也降低了生产成本,提高了生产效率。本综述介绍了铁氧体磁性纳米催化剂的制备方法,阐述了近年来铁氧体磁性纳米催化剂在催化脱硫、生物质催化转化为化学品、生物柴油的制备、煤液化领域的研究进展,指出了铁氧体磁性纳米催化剂在资源能源领域应用存在的问题,并对铁氧体磁性纳米颗粒的应用前景进行了展望。

关键词： 铁氧体催化剂, 磁性, 资源能源

With the development of exploitation technique, oil resources development and utilization have increased. However, the existing oil resources are complex in composition and high in viscosity. The use of conventional catalysts for upgrading has problems of low utilization efficiency, difficulty in recovery, etc. Biomass has emerged as a potential alternative to the dwindling fossil fuel reserves. Catalytic conversion of biomass has become one of the main routes for the transformation of biomass into a variety of commodity chemicals or liquid fuels. However, the common homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts used in biomass catalytic conversion also have problems such as difficulty in recycling and big consumption, which limits their applications. Magnetic nano-catalysts, as new catalysts, not only have high catalytic activity, but also can be separated under the external magnetic field, achieving their recovery and reuse, making industry production serialization, reducing the cost of chemical production, and improving the production. Here we review the preparation methods of ferrite magnetic nano-catalysts. We also present their recent advances in the fields of catalytic desulfurization, catalytic conversion of biomass to chemicals, production of biodiesel, coal liquefaction, and analyze the problems to be solved for the specific applications in the field of resources and energy. Finally, the prospects on the application of ferrite magnetic nanoparticles are outlined.

Key words: ferrite catalyst, magnetic, resources and energy
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图1 Fe3O4-SiO2-CTS-PEI颗粒的合成路线[27]
Fig. 1 Synthesis of Fe3O4-SiO2-CTS-PEI particles[27]
图2 磁性球形γ-Al2O3复合颗粒的合成路线示意图[28]
Fig. 2 The synthesis route of spherical magnetic γ-Al2O3 composites[28]
图3 m-PGMA-EDA的合成路线[32]
Fig. 3 Preparation of the m-PGMA-EDA microspheres[32]
图4 磁性纳米金颗粒Fe3O4@Au 的合成路线图[57]
Fig. 4 Schematic illustration of synthetic route of the Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles[57]
图5 磁性可回收铜纳米催化剂[65]
Fig. 5 Magnetically recoverable copper nanocatalysts[65]
图6 磁性可回收钼纳米催化剂[68]
Fig. 6 Magnetically recoverable molybdenum nano-catalysts[68]
图7 DBT的HDS可能路径[70]
Fig. 7 Possible reaction pathways in HDS of DBT[70]
图8 4,6-DMDBT的HDS可能路径[70]
Fig. 8 Possible reaction pathways in HDS of 4,6-DMDBT[70]
图9 HMF氧化成DFF[81]
Fig. 9 The oxidation of HMF into DFF[81]
表1 磁性纳米催化剂制备生物柴油[79]
Table 1 Production of biodiesel over magnetic catalysts[79]
Entry Substrate Catalyst Temperature(℃) Time Yield(%) ref
1 soybean oil CaO/CoFe2O4 70 5 h 87.4 83
2 soybean oil CaO/CoFe2O4 70 5 h 63 84
3 soybean oil K/BC-Fe2O3 60 60 min 98 85
4 jatropha oil Zn8@Fe-C400 160 4 h 100 86
5 soybean oil CaO/Fe3O4 70 80 min 95 87
6 stillingia oil KF/CaO-Fe3O4 70 3 h 95 88
7 rapeseed oil CaO/α-Fe 60 2 h 95.7 89
8 soybean oil Fe3O4/MCM-41 60 8 h 99.2 90
9 soybean oil Fe3O4@HKUST-1 60 3 h 92.3 91
10 cottonseed oil Na2O-SiO2/Fe3O4 65 100 min 97 92
11 soybean oil LiFe5O8-LiFeO2 65 6 h 96.5 93
12 soybean oil Fe3O4-MGO 40 6 h 92.8 94
13 soybean oil HAP-γ-Fe2O3 60 3 h 99.6 95
14 F platanifolia L.f. Fe3O4@SiO2@SBA-15 85 5 h 92.8 97
15 K. integrifoliola Fe3O4@SiO2(FS-BL-IL) 160 10 h 93.7 98
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