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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (1): 75-82 DOI: 10.7536/PC150615 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

碳酸钙模板法制备高分子微球

王荣民*, 吕思瑶, 李涛, 何玉凤, 宋鹏飞   

  1. 西北师范大学化学化工学院 生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-01 修回日期:2015-07-01 出版日期:2016-01-15 发布日期:2015-12-21
  • 通讯作者: 王荣民 E-mail:wangrm@nwnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.21263024,21364012)资助
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Fabricating Polymer Microspheres through CaCO3 Templates

Wang Rongmin*, Lv Siyao, Li Tao, He Yufeng, Song Pengfei   

  1. Key Laboratory Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2015-06-01 Revised:2015-07-01 Online:2016-01-15 Published:2015-12-21
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21263024, 21364012).
模板法是一种制备粒径可控、形貌均一微球的有效途径。以球霰石形态存在的CaCO3多孔微球具有生物相容、孔径均一,以及可在温和条件下分解等优点,适用于作为模板制备微球。本文在对CaCO3模板进行简单介绍的基础上,从原料选取与应用角度综述了用CaCO3模板法制备微球的研究进展。常用的装载CaCO3多孔微球的方法有物理吸附、共沉淀和渗透法等,所用原料有天然高分子(如多糖、蛋白质、DNA)和合成高分子(如聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇)。利用CaCO3模版制备的微球具有多孔洞或空心结构,尺寸形貌均一可控,特别适用于制药、药物递送、生物传感器及化学分析等领域。预计随着纳米技术的发展和生物医药领域的需求将推动CaCO3模板法的研究,以期通过该方法制备出应用领域更加广泛的微球。
关键词： 高分子微球, 碳酸钙模板, 多孔微球, 微囊, 载体材料
Templating technique is an effective and efficient method to fabricate polymer microspheres with controllable size and same morphology. As one of polymorphs of CaCO3, vaterite is the ideal template particle for fabricating microspheres because of many advantages such as their biocompatibility, monodispersed pore size and mild decomposition conditions. In this review, based on introducing the CaCO3 templates briefly, a recent progress in utilizing the CaCO3 templates for fabricating microspheres is also addressed according to the selection of raw materials and the applications. Three main routes to load the CaCO3 cores have been used, such as physisorption, infiltration and co-precipitation. The raw materials can be divided into natural polymer (such as polysaccharide, protein and DNA) and synthetic polymer (such as polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol). The structures of microspheres fabricated by CaCO3 templates are porous and hollow, and size controlling with uniform morphology. All the particles can be used in various areas included pharmaceutical, drug delivery, biosensors and chemical analysis. In the future, the researches of CaCO3 templating technique will be greatly promoted by the development of nanotechnology and the requirement of biomedical field to prepare the new kinds of microspheres with extensive applications.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The introduction of CaCO3 templates
3 Natural polymer microspheres
3.1 Chitosan microcapsules and alginate microcapsules
3.2 Protein and polyaminoacid porous microspheres
3.3 DNA microcapsules
4 Synthetic polymer microspheres
4.1 The polymer microspheres containing polystyrene
4.2 Polyethylene glycol porous microspheres
5 Conclusion

Key words: polymer microsphere, calcium carbonate template, porous microsphere, microcapsule, carrier material

中图分类号: 

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摘要

碳酸钙模板法制备高分子微球