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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (10): 1771-1780 DOI: 10.7536/PC130125 前一篇   后一篇

所属专题： 电化学有机合成

• 综述与评论 •

电化学活性微生物的分离与鉴定

肖勇1, 吴松1,2, 杨朝晖2, 郑越1,2, 赵峰1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院城市环境研究所 厦门361021;
    2. 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院 环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室(湖南大学) 长沙410082
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-01 修回日期:2013-03-01 出版日期:2013-11-12 发布日期:2013-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 杨朝晖, 赵峰 E-mail:yzh@hnu.edu.cn; fzhao@iue.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(No.KZCX2-EW-402)、中国科学院“百人计划”项目、国家自然科学基金项目(No.21177122,51208490)和福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2012J05105)资助

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Isolation and Identification of Electrochemically Active Microorganisms

Xiao Yong1, Wu Song1,2, Yang Zhaohui2, Zheng Yue1,2, Zhao Feng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
  • Received:2013-01-01 Revised:2013-03-01 Online:2013-11-12 Published:2013-07-18

生物电化学系统(bioelectrochemical system,BES)在电化学活性微生物的作用下可实现产能、污染物降解、高附加值物质合成,是一种具有广阔应用前景的环境生物技术。电化学活性微生物是BES的基础,微生物-电极界面的相互作用是BES功能实现的关键。本文通过统计分析已报道的电化学活性微生物,系统地阐述了培养基与培养条件、菌株分子鉴定等微生物分离鉴定的生物学方法和循环伏安、微分脉冲伏安、方波伏安、计时电流等微生物电化学活性分析的化学方法,并在此基础上探讨了拓展电化学活性微生物多样性及研究微生物-电极界面相互作用机制的发展趋势,以期促进BES在环境治理及生物能源生产等方面的实际应用。

关键词： 生物电化学系统, 电化学活性微生物, 胞外电子传递, 微生物燃料电池, 生物电极

Bioelectrochemical system (BES), in which electrode reaction is driven by electrochemically active microorganisms (EAM) to recovery energy, degrade contaminants and synthesize high additional value compounds, is a promising biotechnology. EAM is the basis of BES, microorganisms-electrode interaction plays a key role in BES functioning. In contrast with the expanding of BES function, especially BES cathode, the diversity of isolated EAM is limited, and most of them are applied in anode to generate a high power density. In addition, the understanding of microorganisms-electrode interaction mostly confines in Geobacter and Shewanella genus. In this article, we review medium, culture condition and microorganisms identification, as well as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and chronoamperometry for the isolation and identification of EAMs. We further highlight the research trends of expanding EAM diversity and of microorganisms-electrode interaction, which would promote the application of BES in environmental control and bioenergy production.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Electrochemically active microorganisms
3 Microorganism isolation
3.1 Culture medium
3.2 Culture condition
4 Microorganism biological identification
4.1 16S/18S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis
4.2 Morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization
5 Characterization of electrochemical activity
5.1 Cyclic voltammetry
5.2 Differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry
5.3 Chronoamperometry
6 Outlook

 

Key words: bioelectrochemical system, electrochemically active microorganisms, extracellular electron transfer, microbial fuel cells, bio-electrodes

中图分类号: 

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摘要

电化学活性微生物的分离与鉴定