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化学进展 2012, Vol. 24 Issue (07): 1337-1345 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

双分子层膜人工离子通道的合成

包春燕*, 贾慧娟, 刘涛, 汪奕, 彭伟, 朱麟勇   

  1. 华东理工大学结构可控先进材料及其制备教育部重点实验室 精细化工研究所 上海 200237
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-01 修回日期:2012-01-01 出版日期:2012-07-24 发布日期:2012-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 包春燕 E-mail:baochunyan@ecust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.20903039)、高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金新教师基金项目(No. 20090074120018)、上海市青年科技启明星计划基金项目(No.10QA1401600)和上海市教委晨光计划项目(No. 09CG25)资助

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Synthesis of Artificial Ion Channels in Bilayer Membrane

Bao Chunyan, Jia Huijuan, Liu Tao, Wang Yi, Peng Wei, Zhu Linyong   

  1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
  • Received:2011-10-01 Revised:2012-01-01 Online:2012-07-24 Published:2012-06-30
离子通道(ion channels)是由细胞膜上的一类特殊亲水性蛋白质构成的微孔道,它的主要功能就是传输离子跨膜,相当于细胞的通气孔。其结构与功能的异常往往引起上千种疾病,统称为离子通道病,这种疾病目前不能靠常规的仪器来检查,在确诊上有一定的难度。因此通过化学手段合成人工离子通道来模拟生物体内细胞膜上的离子通道的结构与功能,对于深入研究这些疾病并发现特异性治疗药物均具有十分重要的理论和实际意义。本论文就近三十年来人们设计合成的不同种类人工离子通道进行了综述,介绍了其研究进展并总结了各种人工离子通道的分子结构设计以及在膜上传输离子行为,展望了其在模拟天然离子通道功能的同时在生物医药以及生命科学等领域的应用前景。
关键词： 有机合成, 人工离子通道, 离子传输, 小分子自组装
As known, ion channels are a special class of micropores in the cell membrane consisted by hydrophilic membrane protein, and their function is to facilitate the diffusion of ions across biological membrane which like the blowhole of cell membrane. The abnormalities of their structures and functions often cause thousands of illnesses, which are generally called ion channel disease. For the moment, these diseases cannot be checked by conventional instruments, which make it very difficult for the diagnosis. Therefore, the design and use of artificial ion channels obtained by means of chemical synthesis, to simulate the structures and functions (transport ions selectively and rectification) of ion channels in vivo cell membrane, will have great theoretical and practical significance for in-depth study of these diseases and discovery of specific therapy drugs. Therefore, in this paper, different types of artificial ion channel molecules reported in the last thirty years are reviewed, their research progress are introduced, and the structure designs of these artificial ion channels and their behavior of ion transport in the bilayer membrane are summarized and discussed. In the end, the simulation of the functionalities of natural ion channels and the potential application in biomedical and life science for the artificial ion channels are prospected. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Unimolecular macromolecules type artificial ion channels
2.1 peptides
2.2 Cyclodextrin derivatives
2.3 Crown ether derivatives
2.4 Cucurbituril macrocycles
2.5 Calixarences
3 Barrel-stave type artificial ion channels
4 Barrel-hoop type artificial ion channels
5 Other types of artificial ion channels
6 Conclusion
Key words: organic synthesis, artificial ion channels, ion transport, small molecular self-assembly Contents

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摘要

双分子层膜人工离子通道的合成