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• 综述与评论 •

超顺磁性纳米催化剂在有机合成中的应用

刘艳红, 周林成*, 惠新平*, 赵光辉, 李彦锋   

  1. 兰州大学化学化工学院 功能有机分子化学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-01 修回日期:2011-09-01 出版日期:2012-03-24 发布日期:2011-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 周林成, 惠新平 E-mail:zhoulc@lzu.edu.cn; huixp@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.21172099)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 9 | 1 )

Applications of Superparamagnetically Separable Nano-Catalysts in Organic Synthesis

Liu Yanhong, Zhou Lincheng*, Hui Xinping*, Zhao Guanghui, Li Yanfeng   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2011-06-01 Revised:2011-09-01 Online:2012-03-24 Published:2011-11-25
超顺磁性纳米颗粒及其复合材料作为有机反应的催化剂,不仅能通过外加磁场实现催化剂的分离回收,且在反应介质中催化活性位点利用率高,可起到均相催化的效果。本文在系统总结近年来磁性纳米催化剂制备的基础上,阐述了磁性纳米催化剂的制备方法、结构类型和特点。同时,对催化剂在有机合成中的应用和催化效果进行了综述,对磁性纳米催化剂在反应中失活的原因做了详尽分析,展望了超顺磁性纳米颗粒的主要发展方向和今后仍需解决的问题。
关键词： 纳米催化剂, 超顺磁性, 有机合成, 可分离
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles and composite materials, which are highly active, possessing high surface to volume ratios and having high surface energies, can be used as catalysts. Since the small particle size of magnetic nanoparticles, the nano-heterogeneous catalysts can achieve similar or even higher activities compared with the homogeneous catalysts. Moreover, they can be reused after separation from the reaction system by using a magnet and simple regeneration process. The application of magnetic nano-catalysts in organic synthesis has attracted wide attention. Here, we review the preparation and application in organic synthesis of the magnetic nano-catalysts. The preparations, structures and characteristics of magnetic nano-catalysts are summarized. We also present their catalytic effect in relevant organic synthesis and analyze the deactivation of magnetic nano-catalysts in detail. Finally, the remaining problems and the future developing prospects are proposed. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Magnetic core as catalyst
3 Active center directly loaded onto magnetic nano-particles
4 Organic coatings
4.1 Dopamine coating
4.2 Silane coupling agent coating
4.3 Organic ionic compound coating
5 Ploymer coating
6 Silica coating
6.1 Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles supported on magnetic silicon nanoparticles
6.2 Metal complex catalysts supported on magnetic silicon nanoparticles
6.3 Phase transfer catalysts and small molecule catalysts supported on magnetic silicon nanoparticles
6.4 Acid and base catalysts supported on magnetic silicon nanoparticles
7 Carbon coating
8 Other coatings
9 Conclusions and outlook
Key words: nanocatalysts, superparamagnetism, organic transformation, separable

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