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化学进展 2012, Vol. 24 Issue (01): 8-16 前一篇   后一篇

• 本期推荐 •

宽光谱太阳能电池

李承辉1,2, 王锴1, 郑玮1, 王致祥1, 刘建1, 游效曾1,2*   

  1. 1. 南京大学化学化工学院 配位化学国家重点实验室 南京微结构国家实验室 南京 210093;
    2. 光伏科学与技术国家重点实验室 常州天合光能有限公司 常州 213022
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-01 修回日期:2011-09-01 出版日期:2012-01-24 发布日期:2011-11-22
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2011CB933300, 2007CB925100, 2011CB80870)、国家自然科学基金项目(No.21021062, 91022031)和常州天合光能有限公司院士工作站项目资助

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Broad-Spectrum Solar Cell

Li Chenghui1,2, Wang Kai1, Zheng Wei1, Wang Zhixiang1, Liu Jian1, You Xiaozeng1,2*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of PV Science & Technology, Changzhou Trina Solar Energy Co. Ltd, Changzhou 213022, China
  • Received:2011-08-01 Revised:2011-09-01 Online:2012-01-24 Published:2011-11-22
太阳能电池的光谱响应特性和光电转换效率与光伏材料的微观能带结构及其宏观组装方式密切相关。无论使用哪种光伏材料,普通单结或单层太阳能电池都只能对部分波段的太阳光进行有效利用。宽光谱研究的目标是要使太阳能电池更好地利用太阳光谱所覆盖的全部波段范围的能量,从而提高太阳能电池光电转换效率。本文从化学角度综述了实现宽光谱太阳能电池的基本方法和当前的研究进展,其中包括叠层太阳能电池、中间带太阳能电池、量子点太阳能电池、热光伏太阳能电池、上转换和下转换、分子基柔性太阳能电池等方法。
关键词： 宽光谱, 中间带, 叠层, 量子点, 热光伏, 上转换, 下转换, 分子基柔性电池
Due to the energy crisis, utilization of renewable energy sources has been intensively investigated in recent years. Among a variety of renewable energy sources, solar energy is a sustainable alternative option that can be utilized in various ways and can be used for many applications. Converting directly the sunlight to electricity through solar cells is the most common and effective way to use solar energy. The spectral response and overall photo-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of solar cells are closely correlated to the micro band-gap structure and macro assembly process of photovoltaic materials. A solar cell can effectively utilize photons with energy hν close to the semiconductor band gap Eg. Photons with energy smaller than the band gap are not absorbed. On the other hand, photons with energy larger than the band gap are absorbed, but the excess energy hν-Eg is not used effectively due to thermalization. Therefore, a normal single junction or single layer solar cell can only use part of the solar radiation no matter what kind of photovoltaic materials are used. Broad-spectrum solar cell aims to use most of the solar energy effectively via several structures or methods: Tandem solar cells, intermediate-band solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, thermo-photovoltaic solar cells, up- and down-conversion, and molecule based flexible solar cells. During the past few years, many new concepts and results have been emerged in industrial manufactures and laboratory fundamental researches. A survey of recent work is thus necessary to get better insight into this field. This paper summarizes briefly the method and recent progress of broad-spectrum solar cells in viewpoint of chemistry. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Tandem solar cell
3 Intermediate band solar cell
4 Quantum dot solar cell
5 Thermo-photovoltaic solar cell
6 Up- and down-conversion
7 Molecule based flexible solar cell
8 Summary
Key words: broad-spectrum, intermediate band, tandem, quantum dot, thermo-photovoltaic, up-conversion, down-conversion, molecule based flexible solar cell

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宽光谱太阳能电池