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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (7): 1558-1565 前一篇   后一篇

• 放射化学专辑 •

海洋放射化学

刘广山   

  1. 厦门大学海洋与环境学院 海洋环境科学国家重点实验室 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-01 修回日期:2011-04-01 出版日期:2011-07-24 发布日期:2012-03-15
  • 通讯作者: e-mail: lgshan@xmu.edu.cn E-mail:lgshan@xmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.41073044)资助

下载PDF ( 1201 ) 引用
导出 被引次数 ( 7 )

Marine Radiochemistry

Liu Guangshan   

  1. College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen 361005, China
  • Received:2010-12-01 Revised:2011-04-01 Online:2011-07-24 Published:2012-03-15

海洋放射化学研究海洋中放射性核素的含量分布和存在形式,并通过含量分布的时空变化研究海水中放射性核素的来源归宿和迁移变化规律,以及海洋各储库可能的储量。本文简述了国内外海洋放射化学的发展历史和一些成果。应用海洋放射化学的海洋学研究的主要内容是海洋环流,海水混合,海洋颗粒物动力学,和海洋放射年代学。海洋放射化学将来的重大研究方向是,海洋生物地球化学循环通量与时间尺度研究,过去的海洋环境变化研究,和核电站邻近海域放射性核素的累积与生态效应研究。没有专门的大项目的支持,对海洋本质问题深入研究少,海洋物理化学研究不够深入,需要进行高水平设备建设与应用研究,是中国海洋放射化学研究存在的主要问题。

关键词： 放射化学, 海洋环流, 海水混合, 颗粒动力学, 放射年代学

Marine radiochemistry deals with the content and speciation of radionuclides in the oceans. Using their distributions in the oceans, the source and sink, migration and transport processes of the radionuclides were studied, and their inventories in some compartments are often evaluated. In this paper, the development history for marine radiochemistry in the world and China was briefly introduced. The main fields of oceanography applying radiochemistry are general circulation, seawater mixing, particle dynamics, and marine radiochronology. The future major subjects of marine radiochemistry are the fluxes and time scales of biogeochemical cycles, post marine environment change and accumulation and ecological effect of radionuclide in the sea area adjacent nuclear power plants. The main issues of marine radiochemistry are addressed in this paper as well.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Historical marine radiochemistry
2.1 International study for marine radiochemistry
2.2 Marine radiochemistry in China
3 The circulation and mixing of ocean traced by radionuclide
3.1 General circulation
3.2 Sea water mixing and matter transport
4 Marine particle dynamics
4.1 Modeling
4.2 Export production and new production
5 Marine radiochronology
6 Perspectives of expecting major oceanographical fields applying radiochemistry
6.1 Flux and time scale of marine biogeochemical cycle
6.2 Past marine environment change
6.3 Accumulation and ecological effect of radionuclides discharged by nuclear power plant in adjacent sea area
7 Existing problems

Key words: radiochemistry, ocean circulation, water mixing, particle dynamics, radiochronology

中图分类号: 

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海洋放射化学