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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (7): 1507-1519 前一篇   后一篇

• 放射化学专辑 •

超重元素合成及其化学性质研究

秦芝*, 范芳丽, 吴晓蕾, 白静, 丁华杰, 雷富安, 田伟, 郭俊盛   

  1. 中国科学院近代物理研究所 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-01 修回日期:2011-03-01 出版日期:2011-07-24 发布日期:2012-03-15
  • 通讯作者: e-mail: qinzhi@impcas.ac.cn E-mail:qinzhi@impcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.11079006)和国家自然科学基金青年项目(No. 20901080)资助

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Synthesis and Chemical Properties of Superheavy Elements

Qin Zhi*, Fan Fangli, Wu Xiaolei, Bai Jing, Ding Huajie, Lei Fuan, Tian Wei, Guo Junsheng   

  1. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2010-12-01 Revised:2011-03-01 Online:2011-07-24 Published:2012-03-15

超重元素是指原子序数大于等于104号的元素,超重元素的研究是目前核物理和核化学领域的前沿课题之一。本文介绍了当前国际上超重元素合成的最新进展,包括三种合成方法——“热熔合”、“冷熔合”和“温熔合”以及最新的超重元素117号元素的合成,同时详细介绍了108号和112号元素的化学性质研究的实验进展情况,并对超重元素的未来发展进行展望。

关键词： 超重元素, 合成, 化学性质

Superheavy elements are those with high atomic number, beginning with element 104 (Rf). The research of superheavy elements is frontier topics in nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The present status of synthesis of superheavy elements is introduced, including the three synthesis methods——“hot fusion”, “cold-fusion” and “warm fusion” and the discovery of a new chemical element with atomic number Z=117. The current gas chemistry experimental studies of element 108 and element 112 are discussed in detail. And the prospects of the development of superheavy elements are also reviewed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Status of synthesis of superheavy elements
3 The influence of relativistic effects on superheavy elements
4 Chemical properties of superheavy elements
4.1 Element 108
4.2 Element 112
5 Status of the heavy elements in China
6 Conclusions and prospects

Key words: superheavy elements, synthesis, chemical properties

中图分类号: 

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超重元素合成及其化学性质研究