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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (5): 874-879 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

固相光催化降解废弃塑料

杨昌军1, 彭天右1, 邓克俭2, 昝菱1   

  1. 1. 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院 武汉 43007;
    2. 中南民族大学 化学与材料科学学院 催化材料科学湖北省暨国家民委-教育部共建重点实验室 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-01 修回日期:2010-10-01 出版日期:2011-05-24 发布日期:2011-05-04
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 20673078)资助

下载PDF ( 2117 ) 引用
导出 被引次数 ( 28 | 3 )

Solid-Phase Photocatalytic Degradation of Waste Plastics

Yang Changjun1, Peng Tianyou1, Deng Kejian2, Zan Ling1   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 43007;
    2. Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2010-08-01 Revised:2010-10-01 Online:2011-05-24 Published:2011-05-04

“白色污染”已成为目前普遍关注的一个全球性环保课题。将光催化剂掺入到塑料中制备出环境友好的可光降解复合塑料,利用其光催化活性可以使废弃塑料在太阳光的照射下发生有效降解,是解决“白色污染”问题的有效途径之一。本文综述了近年来固相光催化降解废弃塑料的研究进展,介绍了光催化剂TiO2、ZnO、α-FeOOH和H3PW12O40对废弃塑料的固相光催化降解效率及各种复合塑料的光催化降解机理,阐述了对光催化剂进行表面改性可以改善其在聚合物中的分散性,以及对光催化剂进行修饰可以提高其对可见光的吸收,从而提高复合塑料的固相光催化降解活性及对太阳光的有效利用率。最后,展望了固相光催化技术在废弃塑料处理领域的应用前景。

关键词： 固相光催化降解, 光催化剂, 可光降解塑料, 聚合物复合塑料

White pollution has become a global environmental issue in recent years. Composite plastics embedding photocatalysts into ploymer matrix has excellent photocatalytic degradation activity. It could be degraded effectively in ambient air under sunlight exposure. So it is an eco-friendly disposal of polymer wastes, and provides a promising way to solve white pollution. In this paper, the latest research progress in solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of waste plastics is reviewed. The solid-phase photocatalytic activity of TiO2, ZnO, α-FeOOH and H3PW12O40, as well as the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of various composite plastics are introduced. Many new methods have been used to enhance the solid-phase photocatalytic degradation activity of composite plastics and the utilization efficiency of sunlight. For example, surface modifying photocatalyst by branched macromolecule is used to improve the dispersion of photocatalyst in polymer matrix, modifying photocatalyst by metal ion doping or dye sensitization is used to broaden the region of photoresponse and enhance the visible light activity of photocatalyst. At last,the potential application prospects for photodegradable composite plastics in the field of waste plastic treatment is discussed.

Key words: solid-phase photocatalytic degradation, photocatalysts, photodegradable plastics, polymer composite plastics

中图分类号: 

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摘要

固相光催化降解废弃塑料