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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (5): 1033-1040 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

金属离子提取的支撑型液膜稳定性:膜材料研究进展

陈银1, 张云燕1, 李雪梅2, 王万军2, 何涛1,2   

  1. 1. 南京工业大学化学化工学院 材料化学工程国家重点实验室 南京 210009;
    2. 中国科学院上海高等研究院 上海 201203
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-01 修回日期:2011-02-01 出版日期:2011-05-24 发布日期:2011-05-04
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.20976083)、科技部中以合作研究基金项目和国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2009CB623402)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 27 | 3 )

Stability of Supported Liquid Membranes for Metal Ion Extraction: State of the Art on Membrane Materials

Chen Yin1, Zhang Yunyan1, Li Xuemei2, Wang Wanjun2, He Tao1,2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China;
    2. Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
  • Received:2010-07-01 Revised:2011-02-01 Online:2011-05-24 Published:2011-05-04

支撑液膜是一种结合膜材料与萃取体系的高效率分离技术。然而在使用过程中,溶剂与萃取载体从多孔支撑体中流失和多孔膜材料在有机相载体中不稳定,导致支撑液膜通量的衰减或选择性降低,支撑液膜表现为不稳定,目前尚未见工业化的成功案例。本文简要介绍了支撑液膜不稳定机理,从膜材料角度,综述了提高支撑液膜稳定性的方法。重点介绍了液膜凝胶化、复合涂层、界面聚合和等离子体涂层技术、亲水和疏水复合材料以及离子交换膜等方法在支撑液膜稳定性研究中的应用与结果。最后介绍了以磺化高分子为涂层的复合膜材料在液膜稳定性提高方面的优势与缺点,探讨了采用复合亲水性膜材料在支撑液膜与膜萃取过程中利用膜接触器技术实现液膜稳定性的可能性,阐述了磺化高分子为主体的共混膜材料提高液膜稳定性的可能性,为提高液膜的稳定性提供了思路。指出基于磺化高分子的膜材料将在贵重金属离子与能源金属离子的分离与纯化中得到广泛的应用。

关键词： 支撑液膜, 膜材料, 稳定性, 金属离子分离, 膜萃取

Supported liquid membranes (SLM) is a highly efficient separation technology combining membrane materials and liquid-liquid extraction. During operation, organic extractant tends to diffuse out of the SLM and the membrane materials degrades in organic extractant, leading to declined flux or selectivity. Due to the instable problem, large scale applications have not been realized yet. In this review, the mechanisms leading to the instability in supported liquid membrane are reviewed. Challenges and milestone of membrane materials in stabilizing the supported liquid membranes are discussed. The application of gelation, coating, interfacial polymerization and plasma coating, hydrophilic-hydrophobic composite material, and ion exchange membranes in stabilization of SLM were discussed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of various materials in terms of stabilization of SLM were compared. Finally, a new type of membrane material, a sufonated polymer was evaluated as the coating polymer for the improvement of membrane permeability and stability. The sulfonated polymer coated composite membrane based membrane contactor system was introduced and the sulfonated polymer-based blend material is proposed as the new development direction for membrane materials to improve the liquid membrane stability. It is envisioned that the new type membrane material would find applications in separation and purification of precious metal ions and energy metal ions.

Key words: supported liquid membranes (SLMs), membrane materials, stability, metal ion separation, membrane extraction

中图分类号: 

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