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无机镍纳米复合材料

林丽娟, 周苇, 郭林   

  1. 北京航空航天大学化学与环境学院 北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-01 修回日期:2011-05-01 出版日期:2011-11-24 发布日期:2011-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 周苇 E-mail:zhouwei@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    教育部博士点基金项目(No.20101102120045)和北京市自然科学基金项目(No.2113048)资助

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Inorganic Nickel-Based Nanocomposites

Lin Lijuan, Zhou Wei, Guo Lin   

  1. School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2011-02-01 Revised:2011-05-01 Online:2011-11-24 Published:2011-08-30
  • Contact: Zhou Wei E-mail:zhouwei@buaa.edu.cn

纳米复合材料因具有独特的物理、化学性能而成为纳米领域研究的热点。镍纳米材料作为一种重要的过渡金属纳米材料,在磁学、电化学、催化等领域具有广泛的应用。将它与其他金属、氧化物等材料复合,一方面使其固有性质得到明显改善,另一方面利用其他组成和镍基材料的协同作用,可得到具有新特性的异质材料,因此研究镍基纳米复合材料的合成具有重要的科学意义。由于纳米材料的结构不同,其复合位置和复合方式均存在不同,本文按照复合材料的结构特征,分别从核壳型、负载型、多节段纳米线3种类型对镍纳米复合材料的研究进展进行评述,在介绍这些材料的合成方法、结构特点的基础上,综述各种方法、各类结构的优缺点及应用前景,为类似复合材料的合成提供借鉴。

关键词： 镍, 复合材料, 核壳结构, 多节段纳米线

Nanocomposites have become hot issues in the field of nanomaterials due to their unique physical and chemical properties. As an important transitional metal nanomaterial, nickel material has been widely used in magnetics, electrochemistry, catalytic chemistry and other fields. The composites of nickel and other metals or oxides with improved inherent properties would show novel properties by the synergy of composition and nanostructure. Therefore, it is of scientific significance to study the nickel-based nanocomposites. Because of the differences of the combining positions and methods for different components in various nanostructures, the progress of nickel-based nanocomposites is reviewed according to three main structures, which are core-shell structure, supported structure, and multisegment nanowires. Based on the introduction to the various synthetic methods and structures, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and composite structures, as well as probable applications. It will be helpful for preparing other similar nanocomposites.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Core-shell structure nanocomposites
2.1 Core-shell nanostructure
2.2 Coaxial nanocables
3 Supported nickel-nanocomposites
3.1 Nickel-carbon nanocomposites
3.2 Nickel-semiconductor nanocomposites
4 Multisegment nanowires
5 Conclusions

Key words: nickel, nanocomposites, core-shell, multisegment nanowire

中图分类号: 

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摘要

无机镍纳米复合材料