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离子液体在气体分离中的应用

赵旭, 邢华斌, 李如龙, 杨启炜, 苏宝根, 任其龙   

  1. 浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学系 二次资源化工国家专业实验室 杭州 310027
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-01 修回日期:2011-05-01 出版日期:2011-11-24 发布日期:2011-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 邢华斌 E-mail:xinghb@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.20806066)、浙江省自然科学基金项目(No.Y4080167)和国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2009AA044701)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 27 | 9 )

Gas Separation Based on Ionic Liquids

Zhao Xu, Xing Huabin, Li Rulong, Yang Qiwei, Su Baogen, Ren Qilong   

  1. National Laboratory of Secondary Resources Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
  • Received:2011-03-01 Revised:2011-05-01 Online:2011-11-24 Published:2011-08-30
  • Contact: Xing Huabin E-mail:xinghb@zju.edu.cn

离子液体是一类“可设计溶剂”,具有极低的蒸气压,几乎不挥发以及选择性溶解能力,近年来在气体分离领域得到了广泛的关注。本文综述了CO2和SO2等酸性气体、低碳链烷烃、烯烃和炔烃等有机气体,以及H2、O2、CO、N2、Ar、Xe等其他气体在离子液体中的溶解性能,归纳了气体在离子液体中的溶解机理和溶解规律,分析了离子液体结构与溶解度、分离性质的定性关系,其中具有胺基、胍基等碱性基团的功能化离子液体对CO2、SO2等酸性气体具有良好的溶解性,含有不饱和基团的离子液体通过π-π相互作用可以改善烯烃在离子液体中的溶解度,炔烃则易溶于氢键碱性较强的离子液体;并介绍了离子液体/气体二元体系分子模拟、溶解度关联模型以及离子液体固定化用于气体分离等工作的研究进展,探讨了离子液体气体分离研究存在的问题和未来发展方向。

关键词： 离子液体, 气体, 溶解度, 分离, 吸收

In recent years, ionic liquids have attracted considerable interests in the field of gas separation, due to their selective dissolution of certain gases, nearly non-volatility and tunable property and structure. In this article, the solubilities of CO2, SO2, H2, O2, CO, N2, Ar, Xe and short-chain alkanes, alkenes, alkynes in ionic liquids are summarized. The mechanism and the qualitative relationship between gas solubility and the structure of ionic liquid are introduced. Functionalized ionic liquids containing basic groups such as amino and guanidine have high performance to capture CO2 and SO2. The solubilities of alkenes in ionic liquids can be improved by adding unsaturated groups in ionic liquids via π-π interaction, and the solubility of alkynes in ionic liquids increases with increasing hydrogen-bond basicity of ionic liquids. The progress involving molecular simulation of ionic liquid/gas binary system, correlation models of gas solubility, and gas separation based on immobilized ionic liquids are introduced and summarized. Finally, the existing problems and development directions in the future of gas separation using ionic liquids are discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Solubilities of gases in ionic liquids
2.1 Acidic gases
2.2 Organic gases
2.3 Other gases
3 Molecular simulation study of ionic liquid/gas mixture
4 Correlation models of gas solubility in ionic liquids
5 Gas separation based on immobilized ionic liquids
6 Conclusions and outlook

Key words: ionic liquid, gas, solubility, separation, absorption

中图分类号: 

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离子液体在气体分离中的应用