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金属氧化物在低温燃料电池催化剂中的应用

张娜, 张生, 朱彤, 尹鸽平   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学化工学院 哈尔滨 150001
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-01 修回日期:2011-06-01 出版日期:2011-11-24 发布日期:2011-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 张生, 尹鸽平 E-mail:zhangsheng1982@hit.edu.cn; yingphit@hit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.50872027)和国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2009AA05Z111)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 15 | 4 )

Application of Metal Oxides in Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells

Zhang Na, Zhang Sheng, Zhu Tong, Yin Geping   

  1. School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
  • Received:2011-03-01 Revised:2011-06-01 Online:2011-11-24 Published:2011-08-30

低温燃料电池具有比能量高、工作温度低、环境友好等优点,是一种颇具发展前景的便携式电源。但由于传统的Pt/C催化剂制造成本高,且电化学稳定性较低,影响了燃料电池的商业化进程。而金属氧化物在燃料电池工作环境下具有较高的电化学稳定性,同时与催化剂金属之间存在强烈的相互作用,能够改变氧气或燃料在催化剂金属表面上的吸附性质,从而改善催化剂的活性。本文针对低温燃料电池成本高和寿命短的两大问题,论述了金属氧化物助催化剂在提高催化剂活性和稳定性方面的应用,重点介绍了铌、锰、钛、钨和锡等几种金属元素的氧化物在低温燃料电池催化剂研究中进展,并对目前金属氧化物在低温燃料电池催化剂研究中存在的主要问题和发展前景进行了探讨和展望。

关键词： 低温燃料电池, 催化剂, 金属氧化物, 催化活性, 稳定性

Low-temperature fuel cells can be as an ideal portable power, due to the high specific power and specific energy, low-temperature operation and environmentally friendly. It is considered to be a promising fuel cell. But owing to the high cost and low electrochemical stability of the traditional Pt/C catalyst, the commercialization of PEMFCs is hindered. Metal oxides, however, with high stability in the fuel cells work conditions, is beneficial to improve catalytic performance of catalysts due to strong interaction between metals and metal oxides, which might alert absorption properties of oxygen or fuel on the catalyst surface. In this paper, metal oxides as co-catalysts are employed to enhance the electrocatalytic activity and stability for fuel cell electrocatalysts. The latest research progress of niobium oxides, manganese oxides, titanium oxides, tungsten oxides and tin oxides in fuel cells is highlighted. Finally, the urgent existing main problems in this area are discussed and the future research trends are prospected.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Research status of metal oxides in low-temperature fuel cells
2.1 Manganese oxides
2.2 Titanium oxides
2.3 Tin oxides
2.4 Tungsten oxides
2.5 Niobium oxides
2.6 Other metal oxides
3 Summary and prospects

Key words: low-temperature fuel cells, catalysts, metal oxides, catalytic activity, stability

中图分类号: 

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