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化学进展 2011, Vol. 23 Issue (01): 246-253 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

蓝藻水华衍生的微囊藻毒素污染及其对水生生物的生态毒理学研究

姜锦林1, 宋睿1, 任静华2, 王晓蓉1, 杨柳燕1   

  1. 1. 南京大学环境学院 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室 南京210093;
    2. 陕西科技大学资源与环境学院 西安 712081
  • 收稿日期:2010-05-01 修回日期:2010-08-01 出版日期:2011-01-20 发布日期:2011-09-02
  • 作者简介:e-mail: ekxr@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 (No.2008CB418102)和水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(No.2008ZX07316-004)资助

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导出 被引次数 ( 88 | 16 )

Advances in Pollution of Cyanobacterial Blooms-Producing Microcystins and their Ecotoxicological Effects on Aquatic Organisms

Jiang Jinlin1, Song Rui1, Ren Jinghua2, Wang Xiaorong1, Yang Liuyan1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjng University, Nanjing 210093, China;
    2. College of Resource and Environment, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 712081,China
  • Received:2010-05-01 Revised:2010-08-01 Online:2011-01-20 Published:2011-09-02

富营养化导致的蓝藻水华频发,引发各种衍生物污染,严重时造成重大生态灾害事件,甚至危及人类健康。其中微囊藻毒素以其毒性大、分布广和结构稳定的特点,成为水环境中常见的潜在危害物质,它主要由微囊藻产生,是一类具有多种异构体的环状七肽物质。本文根据微囊藻毒素污染现状及其水生生态毒理学研究的最新研究进展,介绍了微囊藻毒素的理化性质及其产生、迁移和转化,在我国天然水体、水库源水和饮用水中的污染现状以及部分水产品中的微囊藻毒素累积情况,较全面地评述了微囊藻毒素的分子致毒机理以及对水生生态系统的重要组成成分——常见水生植物和鱼类的生态毒理学效应,并提出了该领域未来研究的主要方向。

关键词： 蓝藻水华, 微囊藻毒素, 水生生物, 致毒机理, 生态毒理

The frequent occurs of cyanobacterial blooms induced by eutrophication can bring about water pollution caused by various derivate pollutants,lead to great ecological disasters in severe cases and consequently threaten human health.Microcystins (MC) have become common potential hazardous pollutant in aquatic environments for their great toxicity,widespread distribution and structural stability.These toxin,producing mainly by Microcystis ,are family of monocyclic heptapeptides with many different isomerides.On the basis of the recent development of pollution status of microcystins and their ecotoxicological studies on aquatic organisms,we introduce the physicochemical properties and the fate of microcystins,their pollution in natural waters,reservoir water and potable water in China and their accumulation in some aquatic products, summarize the molecular toxicity mechanisms and their ecotoxicological effects on common aquatic plants and fishes which are the important components of aquatic ecosystem.Finally, the main research trend in this area are discussed.

Key words: cyanobacterial blooms, microcystins(MC), aquatic organisms, toxicity mechanism, ecotoxicology

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