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化学进展 2010, Vol. 22 Issue (01): 19-31 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

低温燃料电池氧电极催化剂*

原鲜霞**;夏小芸;曾鑫;张慧娟;马紫峰   

  1. (上海交通大学化学工程系 上海 200240)
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-03 修回日期:2009-05-26 出版日期:2010-01-24 发布日期:2010-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 原鲜霞 E-mail:yuanxx@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家973项目 (国家重点基础研究发展计划);国家自然科学基金

Catalysts for Oxygen Electrode of Low Temperature Fuel Cells

Yuan Xianxia**; Xia Xiaoyun; Zeng Xin; Zhang Huijuan; Ma Zifeng   

  1. (Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)
  • Received:2009-03-03 Revised:2009-05-26 Online:2010-01-24 Published:2010-01-07
  • Contact: Yuan Xianxia E-mail:yuanxx@sjtu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    National Basic Research Program of China;National Natural Science Foundation of China

氧电极催化剂及缓慢的阴极氧还原动力学是制约低温燃料电池商业化的关键瓶颈因素之一。为此,国内外研究者近年来从提高低温燃料电池氧电极催化剂的催化活性和稳定性、降低催化剂的成本、发展非贵金属氧还原催化剂等方面开展了大量的研究工作,有力地促进了低温燃料电池的发展进程。本文在简要介绍低温燃料电池氧电极反应机理的基础上,从催化剂载体、贵金属及其合金催化剂、金属大环化合物及M-N/C类催化剂和过渡金属硫族化合物类催化剂等方面详细综述了低温燃料电池氧电极催化剂近年来的主要研究进展,并指出了各类催化剂目前尚待解决的问题和发展方向。

The slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode electrode of low temperature fuel cells (LTFCs) and the electro-catalysts are main factors impeding the commercialization of LTFCs. In recent years, worldwide researchers have maken much effort to improve the activity and durability of the cathode catalysts, to decrease cost of the catalysts, and to develop non-noble-metal electro-catalysts for LTFCs. In the present paper, research progress of catalyst support, noble-metal and alloyed catalysts, and non-noble-metal catalysts including metal-macrocyclic-compound, M-N/C catalysts and transitional-metal-chalcogenide for the oxygen electrode in LTFCs have been systematically reviewed in addition to a brief introduction of the reaction mechanism of ORR at cathode electrode of LTFCs. The urgent problems and future research focuses for each kind of catalysts have been proposed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Reaction mechanism of oxygen electrode in low temperature fuel cells
3 Research of catalysts for oxygen electrode in low temperature fuel cells
3.1 Catalyst support
3.2 Noble-metal and the alloyed catalysts
3.3 Non-noble-metal catalysts
4 Summary

中图分类号: 

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摘要

低温燃料电池氧电极催化剂*