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化学进展 2010, Vol. 22 Issue (01): 119-124 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

聚电解质层层自组装纳滤膜*

计艳丽2;安全福1**;钱锦文1;陈欢林2;高从堦2,3   

  1. (1.浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系 教育部高分子合成与功能构造重点实验室  杭州 310027; 2.浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学系  杭州 310027; 3.杭州水处理技术研究开发中心  杭州 310012)
  • 收稿日期:2009-01-23 修回日期:2009-04-20 出版日期:2010-01-24 发布日期:2010-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 安全福 E-mail:anqf@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    973项目

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Nanofiltration Membranes Prepared by Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte

Ji Yanli2; An Quanfu1**;  Qian Jinwen1;  Chen Huanlin2;  Gao Congjie2,3   

  1. (1.Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China,  2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, 3. Development Center of Water Treatment Technology, Hangzhou 310012, China)
  • Received:2009-01-23 Revised:2009-04-20 Online:2010-01-24 Published:2010-01-07
  • Contact: An Quanfu E-mail:anqf@zju.edu.cn

层层自组装技术能够方便地对膜的微观结构和组成进行调控，已在制备复合型纳滤膜方面取得了迅速的发展。本文综述了近年来用于聚电解质层层自组装纳滤膜的制备方法，种类以及影响因素。介绍了静态层层交替沉积、压力驱动自组装和电场强化自组装等三种制备方法；归纳了均聚型、共聚型和有机/无机杂化型等三类用于层层自组装纳滤膜的聚电解质的特点；讨论了聚电解质的荷电性、电荷密度和电离程度等因素对其自组装膜分离性能的影响。总结了聚电解质自组装纳滤膜在水处理和有机溶剂中物质的分离等方面的应用。同时,对提高聚电解质自组装纳滤膜的组装效率，分离性能和发展方向提出了设想和建议。

关键词： 聚电解质, 层层自组装, 纳滤膜

Ultrathin composite nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique, which can precisely control structures and compositions, has received a rapid development. In this paper, a review is presented on LbL assembly methods, types of polyelectrolytes and influencing factors of LbL assembly NF membranes in recent years. Three different approaches for LbL assembly are mainly introduced, including the conventional electrostatic deposition method, the pressure-driven LbL assembly and the electric field enhanced LbL assembly. The types of the self-assembled polyelectrolyte materials, which can be classified into homopolymer, copolymer, and organic-inorganic hybrid polyelectrolytes are carried out. Separation performances of NF membrane influenced by various factors, such as the charge character, the charge density and the ionization degree of the polyelectrolyte are discussed. The applications of LbL assembly NF membrane for water-treatment and substances separation from organic solvent are summarized. At the same time, some propose of speeding up the assembly process, improving the performance and development orientation of NF membranes are presented.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Methods of polyelectrolytes LbL assembly
2.1 Electrostatic deposition LbL assembly
2.2 Pressure-driven LbL assembly
2.3 Electric field enhanced LbL assembly
3 Types of polyelectrolytes for preparing LbL assembly NF membranes
3.1 Homopolymer polyelectrolytes
3.2 Copolymer polyelectrolytes
3.3 Organic-inorganic hybrid polyelectrolytes
4 Applications of LbL assembly NF membranes
4.1 Production and living water softening
4.2 Seawater and brackish water desalination
4.3 Organic compounds separation from water
4.4 Substances separation from organic solvent
5 Conclusion

Key words: polyelectrolyte, layer-by-layer self-assembly, nanofiltration membranes

中图分类号: 

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摘要

聚电解质层层自组装纳滤膜*