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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (05): 819-830 前一篇   后一篇

• 金属药物专辑 •

硒蛋白的分子生物学及与疾病的关系*

刘琼1; 姜亮1,2 ; 田静1; 倪嘉缵1,2**   

  1. （1.深圳大学生命科学学院 深圳 518060；2.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 长春 130022）
  • 收稿日期:2009-02-02 修回日期:2009-01-27 出版日期:2009-05-24 发布日期:2009-05-05
  • 通讯作者: 倪嘉缵 E-mail:liuqiong@szu.edu.cn; jzni@szu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金

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The Molecular Biology of Selenoproteins and Their Effects on Diseases

Liu Qiong1; Jiang Liang1,2; Tian Jing1; Ni Jiazuan1,2**   

  1. (1.College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
    2.Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China)
  • Received:2009-02-02 Revised:2009-01-27 Online:2009-05-24 Published:2009-05-05
  • Contact: Ni Jiazuan E-mail:liuqiong@szu.edu.cn; jzni@szu.edu.cn

硒蛋白是微量元素硒在体内存在和发挥生物功能的主要形式。因硒蛋白的活性中心硒代半胱氨酸由传统终止码TGA编码，故从基因组中预测硒蛋白以及用基因工程技术表达硒蛋白均很困难。有关硒抗氧化、对癌症、神经退行性疾病和病毒作用的报导较多，但结论并不一致。本文综述了硒蛋白基因预测、蛋白质表达调控以及硒和硒蛋白对癌症、神经退行性疾病和病毒的作用及机制等方面的近期进展，研究提高硒蛋白生物信息学预测准确率和基因工程表达量的方法，分析了解硒蛋白与疾病发生发展的关系和机制，探索不同硒蛋白作为预防药物开发、作为癌症治疗和药物筛选靶标的可能性。

关键词： 硒, 硒蛋白, 硒代半胱氨酸, 癌症, 阿尔茨海默病, 病毒

Selenoproteins are the major forms of selenium in vivo to exert the biological function. Since selenocysteine, the active center of selenoproteins, is encoded by a traditional stop codon TGA, it is difficult to predict selenoproteins from the genomes or to express them via genetic engineering. Although there are many reports on the antioxidative property of selenium and its effects on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and virus, the results are inconsistent. This review summarizes recent progresses in selenoprotein prediction and expression, and in the pertinence and mechanism of selenium and selenoproteins on those diseases. It aims at increasing the accuracy of selenoprotein-prediction through bioinformatics and overexpression of selenoproteins via genetic engineering, analyzing the relation of selenoproteins with diseases development, and exploring the potentiality of selenoproteins as preventive agents or the target for cancer treatment and drug-screening.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Prediction of selenoproteins via bioinformatics
3 Biosynthesis and regulation of selenoproteins
3.1 Comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic selenoprotein biosynthesis
3.2 cis-Acting elements and trans-acting factors of selenoprotein biosynthesis
3.3 Selenoprotein expression via prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems
4 Relation between selenoproteins and diseases
4.1 Selenoproteins and cancer prevention
4.2 selenoproteins and brain diseases
4.3 Selenium and virus
5 Perspectives

Key words: selenium, selenoprotein, selenocysteine, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, virus

中图分类号: 

()

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