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化学进展 2009, Vol. 21 Issue (01): 227-234 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）电池稳定性分析*

辛显双;朱庆山**   

  1. (中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室　北京    100190)
  • 收稿日期:2008-03-06 修回日期:2008-05-19 出版日期:2009-01-24 发布日期:2009-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 朱庆山 E-mail:qszhu@home.ipe.ac.cn
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Analyses of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ( SOFCs) Stability

Xin Xianshuang;Zhu Qingshan**   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex System , Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China)
  • Received:2008-03-06 Revised:2008-05-19 Online:2009-01-24 Published:2009-01-25
  • Contact: Zhu Qingshan E-mail:qszhu@home.ipe.ac.cn

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC) 要长期可靠运行,必须具有较高的稳定性。本文从SOFC 内阻的主要来源出发,详细分析了影响电池长期稳定性、特别是引起性能衰减的主要因素,并研究其衰减机理。通过对电解质、阴极、阳极及连接材料等关键材料的选择及性能稳定性进行分析,系统论述了阴极与其它材料的相互反应、阳极性能变化以及连接材料表面氧化层等诸多引起SOFC 性能衰减的不利因素。在氧化、还原气氛和密封效果等方面对电池长期稳定性的影响也进行了阐述。通过对电池性能衰减的原因及其衰减机理进行分析,对于SOFC 长期运行稳定性、进而商业化应用具有一定的理论和实际意义。

关键词： 固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC), 性能衰减, 长期稳定性, 影响因素

It is necessary to possess long-term stability in performance if solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) will operate durably.Setting about from the origin of SOFCs resistances, the main factors of influencing the long-term stability of SOFCs, especially the factors of inducing SOFCs performance degradation, are analyzed in detail. The degradation mechanism is analyzed. The choice of key materials and the performance stability of electrolytes, cathodes, anodes and interconnects are introduced. A systematic investigation is made about the factors of inducing the performance degradation, including the interaction in the interface between the cathode and other components, the performance change of the anode, and the thickness increase of the oxide layer on the interconnect. Furthermore, the other impacts such as the redox atmosphere and the seal effect on the long-term stability of SOFCs are also pointed out. To study the causation and mechanism which induce the performance degradation possesses certain significance both in theory and in practice for the commercialization of SOFCs.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The origin of SOFCs resistances
3 The main factors of influencing the stability of SOFCs 3.1 Electrolyte materials and their stability
3.2 Cathode materials and their stability
3.3 Anode materials and their stability
3.4 Interconnect materials and their stability
3.5 The effects of reaction ambience on the stability
4 Conclusions and prospects

Key words: solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), performance degradation, long-term stability, impact factors

中图分类号: 

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