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化学进展 2008, Vol. 20 Issue (0203): 422-428 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

纳米富勒烯（nC60）的生态毒性效应*

晏晓敏 石宝友 王东升 汤鸿霄**   

  1. （中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085）
  • 收稿日期:2007-04-09 修回日期:2007-06-22 出版日期:2008-03-24 发布日期:2008-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 汤鸿霄
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The Eco-toxic Aspects of Aqueous Nano-C60 Fullerenes

Yan Xiaomin; Shi Baoyou; Wang Dongsheng; Tang Hongxiao**

  

  1. (Skate Key Laboratory for Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China)
  • Received:2007-04-09 Revised:2007-06-22 Online:2008-03-24 Published:2008-03-24
  • Contact: Tang Hongxiao
随着纳米技术的飞速发展，纳米材料的应用日趋广泛。同时，纳米材料的大规模生产和应用对人体健康和生态环境可能产生的安全风险也引起了人们的普遍关注。富勒烯是应用最广泛的纳米材料之一，在水中能形成稳定的水溶性纳米颗粒物，进而增大其在环境中的迁移性与生物暴露几率。然而目前对纳米富勒烯（nC60）的环境和毒性效应还知之甚少。本文综合评述了水溶性nC60纳米颗粒的制备、稳定机制、在环境中的迁移特性及其与环境中污染物的相互作用，并着重阐述了nC60可能产生的生物毒性效应。分析表明，nC60的生物毒性效应主要与nC60的表面化学特性和颗粒大小有关，同时环境介质也影响nC60的毒性。最后讨论了nC60生态环境效应研究中应加强的若干方面。
关键词： 富勒烯, 纳米材料, 纳米毒理学, 生态毒性
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, many kinds of nanomaterials have emerged and been widely used in industrial products, drug delivery, cosmetics et al. The likelihood of exposure to nanomaterials is increasing and the concerns about the human health and environmental risks of nanomaterials have been raised in the world. Stable fullerenes nanoparticles (nC60) can be formed in water when fullerenes are released into aquatic environment, which will increase the transport and potential ecological effects of fullerenes. However, the current knowledge on the environmental effects associated with nC60 is limited. The formation, stabilization-aggregation, and transport of nC60 are critically reviewed. The interaction of nC60 with environmental pollutants and its eco-toxicity to organisms of nC60 are also discussed. Emphasis was put on the possible eco-toxicity of nC60 to different levels of organisms including cells, bacterial, invertebrates and fishes resulted from the exposure to nC60. Present literatures suggest that the toxicity of nC60 mainly depends on its surface chemistry, particle sizes and environmental conditions. Last, some suggestions about the future research on eco-toxicity of nC60 are also addressed.
Key words: fullerenes, nanomaterials, nanotoxicology, eco-toxicity

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