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化学进展 2008, Vol. 20 Issue (0203): 339-350 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

可降解乳酸共聚物*

路德待 张小伟 周添红 任宗礼 王寿峰 雷自强**   

  1. （西北师范大学化学化工学院 甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室 兰州 730070）
  • 收稿日期:2007-03-12 修回日期:2007-04-28 出版日期:2008-03-24 发布日期:2008-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 雷自强
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Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) Copolymers

Lu Dehuai; Zhang Xiaowei; Zhou Tianhong; Ren Zongli; Wang Shoufeng; Lei Ziqiang**   

  1. (Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
  • Received:2007-03-12 Revised:2007-04-28 Online:2008-03-24 Published:2008-03-24
  • Contact: Lei Ziqiang
聚乳酸(PLA)具有优良的生物相容性和可降解性，在许多领域特别是作为医用材料方面备受关注，得到了广泛的应用。然而乳酸均聚物由于结构与性能单一，应用受到很大局限。通过与不同的羟基酸、氨基酸或聚合物如聚乙二醇等进行共聚可以明显改善其强度、韧性、亲水性与降解性等物化性能，并且在改变聚合单元组成的同时也可通过改变共聚物的空间结构，得到线性、梳形、星形或交联以及带有反应性官能团的共聚物，极大的拓宽了乳酸基可降解高分子材料的应用范围。本文着重对乳酸共聚物的组成、结构及其开发应用方面的最新研究进展进行了较为详细的阐述。
关键词： 可降解高分子, 乳酸共聚物, 医用材料

Polylactic acid (or Polylactide) (PLA) widely used in many field because of its biodegradable and biocompatible properties, have gained enormous attention recently. However, onefold structure and properties limits the applications of PLA homopolymer. The most common strategy to overcome this limit is to prepare the copolymers. A wide range of biodegradable copolymer are described in this review with a special emphasis on polylactide because of more eco-friendliness from its origin as contrast to the fully petroleum-based biodegradable polymers and control of carbon dioxide balance after their compositing. Lactic acid (or lactide) copolymerized with hydroxyl acid, amino acid or polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol), starch, etc. , can obviously improve the strength, toughness, hydrophilic and controlled-degradable properties of PLA, and in the same time can obtain the linear, comb-like, star-like or cross-linked copolymers. These materials are attracting considerable interest in materials science research. This review aims at highlighting on recent developments in preparation of biodegradable linear, comb-like, star-like or cross-linked PLA copolymers and the catalysts (system) used in copolymerization.

Key words: biodegradable polymers, poly(lactic acid) copolymers, medical materials

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摘要

可降解乳酸共聚物*