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PDF(498 KB)
大气臭氧化学研究进展*
- 贾龙1,2;葛茂发2**;徐永福3;杜林2;庄国顺1;王殿勋2
作者信息
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Advances in Atmospheric Ozone Chemistry
- Long Jia1,2;Maofa Ge2**;Yongfu Xu3;Lin Du2;Guoshun Zhuang1;Dianxun Wang2
Author information
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文章历史
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摘要
臭氧是大气化学中的核心物种。在平流层中，臭氧层可以吸收对生物有害的紫外辐射，对地球生命起保护伞作用。在对流层大气中，适量臭氧对清洁大气是有益的。但是，由于对流层中臭氧前体物排放量的增加，特别是在大城市，产生的高浓度臭氧会对大气环境造成严重污染，对人类、动植物和生态环境具有极大危害。臭氧的研究一般结合外场观测、实验室烟雾箱模拟和计算机数值模拟进行。深入开展大气臭氧化学研究，不仅有助于全面深入理解大气氧化过程以及全面掌握区域乃至全球大气自净能力，而且能为对流层污染控制提供科学依据和方案。本文总结了近年来有关臭氧化学的研究进展，论述了臭氧问题与人类当前面临的一些主要环境问题间的相互关系；重点综述了近年来有关南极臭氧空洞、中纬度地区臭氧低值和北极地区臭氧的损耗机理及其发展趋势；综述了臭氧与大气光化学和气溶胶间的耦合关系，并结合我国实际情况，提出了大气臭氧化学尚待深入开展研究的一些重要科学问题。
Abstract
Ozone is key species in atmospheric chemistry. Stratospheric ozone is considered to be " a protective umbrella of earth life" because it absorbs biologically harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. In the natural air of the troposphere a suitable amount of ozone is beneficial to clean air. However,due to the increase in the emission of ozone precursors in the troposphere ,particularly in large cities, the generated ozone with high concentrations can lead to severe pollution, which is harmful to humans, animals, plants and ecological environment. Studies of ozone atmospheric chemistry are generally carried out in terms of the combination of field observation, simulation experiments using smog chamber in the laboratory and numerical simulations on the computer.The further research on atmospheric ozone chemistry is very helpful not only in understanding oxidation processes in the atmosphere and self-cleaning capacity on the regional and global scale,but also in providing scientific basis and methods for pollution controlling in the trosposphere. This paper summarizes the progress in the ozone chemistry in rescent years, and discusses the relations between ozone and main environmental problems that human beings are facing with. The emphasis is placed on reviewing the ozone hole in the Antartic, low values of ozone in the middle latitudes and the mechanism of depletion of ozone in the Arctic, and their development trends in rescent years. The coupling relations of ozone with atmospheric photochemistry and aerosols are reviewed. Moreover, according to real situations in China , some important scientific problems are put forward for the future research on atmospheric ozone chemistry.
关键词
臭氧化学 / 平流层 / 对流层 / 光化学 / 异相反应 {{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
ozone chemistry / stratosphere / troposphere / photochemistry / heterogeneous reactions {{custom_keyword}} /
中图分类号：
X131.1
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