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化学进展 2022, Vol. 34 Issue (11): 2489-2502 DOI: 10.7536/PC220335 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述 •

聚集诱导发光型光敏剂用于线粒体靶向光动力治疗

郭玲香1, 李菊平1, 刘志洋1,2,*(), 李全1,2,*()   

  1. 1 东南大学化学化工学院 南京 211189
    2 东南大学智能材料研究院 南京 211189
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-29 修回日期:2022-04-21 出版日期:2022-11-24 发布日期:2022-06-23
  • 通讯作者: 刘志洋, 李全
  • 作者简介:

    刘志洋 现就职于东南大学化学化工学院/智能材料研究院。博士毕业于中国科学院大学(中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所),博士后工作于香港科技大学(师从唐本忠先生),致力于聚集诱导发光材料的研究和应用拓展等。目前在Advanced Materials, ACS Nano, Materials Horizons等杂志发表SCI论文30余篇。授权中国专利2项。

    李全 欧洲科学院院士,东南大学智能材料研究院院长和首席科学家。液晶技术领域的国际顶级学者,液晶光显示和液晶智能变色玻璃的发明者。在智能液晶材料、智能纳米材料、生物医用材料、仿生材料和分子构造软材料等前沿领域的研究以及国内外人才培养方面做出了杰出贡献。大量研究成果发表在Nature, Chem. Rev., Chem. Soc. Rev., Acc. Chem. Res., JACS, Angew. Chem., Adv. Mater., Nat. Commun., Sci. Adv.等学术期刊上。在过去10年里,主编了8本英文专著,涉及智能材料和工程领域最重要的科学前沿和应用。以受邀作者身份在著名的Kirk-Othmer百科全书中撰写“液晶”词条,以最权威的方式阐述其定义和发展。被多所大学聘为客座教授、讲座教授和荣誉教授。

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省双创项目(JSSCTD202141); 江苏省双创项目(JSSCBS20210097)
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Photosensitizers with Aggregation-Induced Emission for Mitochondrion-Targeting Photodynamic Therapy

Lingxiang Guo1, Juping Li1, Zhiyang Liu1,2(), Quan Li1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
    2 Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
  • Received:2022-03-29 Revised:2022-04-21 Online:2022-11-24 Published:2022-06-23
  • Contact: Zhiyang Liu, Quan Li

光动力治疗是一种基于光敏剂和光照的安全无创性治疗方法,在癌症治疗和杀菌等方面具有广阔的应用前景。光敏剂在光照激发下与氧气作用会生成高反应活性的活性氧。在细胞中过量的活性氧会氧化损伤蛋白质、核酸和脂质等细胞组分,诱导细胞凋亡或坏死。新兴的聚集诱导发光型光敏剂在分子聚集状态下光照激发能发射强的荧光,同时高效地产生活性氧,解决了传统光敏剂在分子聚集时荧光猝灭的问题,易实现成像指导的光动力治疗,近年来备受关注。线粒体作为细胞能量工厂富含氧气,是理想的光动力治疗靶点。本文总结了靶向癌细胞线粒体的聚集诱导发光型光敏剂的分子类型和设计策略,以及其在光动力治疗肿瘤方面的应用。

关键词： 聚集诱导发光, 光敏剂, 线粒体, 光动力治疗, 活性氧

Photodynamic therapy is a safe and noninvasive treatment method based on photosensitizers and light. It has broad application prospects in cancer treatment and sterilization. Photosensitizers react with oxygen under light excitation to produce reactive oxygen species with high reactivity. Excessive reactive oxygen species in cells can oxidize and damage cellular components such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, and induce cell apoptosis or necrosis. The emerging photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics can emit strong fluorescence under light excitation in the aggregate state, and efficiently produce reactive oxygen species at the same time, which solves the problem of fluorescence quenching of traditional photosensitizers in the aggregate state. AIE photosensitizers are easy to realize image-guided photodynamic therapy, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Mitochondria, as cell energy factories, are rich in oxygen and are ideal targets for photodynamic therapy. Mitochondria are more numerous in cancer cells and play an important role in both tumorization and programmed cell death. Currently, the AIE photosensitizers targeting the mitochondria of cancer cells are mainly cationic compounds, including pyridium ions, quinolinium ions, isoquinolinium ions and triphenylphosphenonium ions. This review summarizes the molecular types and design strategies of AIE photosensitizers targeting the mitochondria of cancer cells, as well as their applications in photodynamic therapy of tumors.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Mitochondrion-targeting ionic AIE photosensitizers

2.1 Quinolinium and isoquinolinium-based ionic AIE photosensitizers

2.2 Triphenylphosphenonium-based ionic AIE photosensitizers

2.3 Pyridium-based ionic AIE photosensitizers

2.4 Other types of ionic AIE photosensitizers

3 Mitochondrion-targeting non-ionic AIE photosensitizers

4 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: aggregation-induced emission, photosensitizer, mitochondrion, photodynamic therapy, reactive oxygen species
()
图1 活性氧生成原理示意图
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of reactive oxygen species generation principle
图2 喹啉和异喹啉离子基AIE光敏剂的分子结构
Fig.2 Molecular structures of quinolinium and isoquinolinium ionic AIE photosensitizers
图3 三苯基膦离子基AIE光敏剂的分子结构
Fig.3 Molecular structures of triphenylphosphinium ionic AIE photosensitizers
图4 吡啶离子基AIE光敏剂的分子结构
Fig.4 Molecular structures of pyridinium ionic AIE photosensitizers
图5 其他类型离子基AIE光敏剂的分子结构
Fig.5 Molecular structures of other types of ionic AIE photosensitizers
图6 AIE光敏剂63的分子结构
Fig.6 Molecular structure of AIE photosensitizer 63
表1 AIE光敏剂的光学性质
Table 1 Optical properties of AIE photosensitizers
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