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化学进展 2021, Vol. 33 Issue (9): 1473-1481 DOI: 10.7536/PC200878 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述 •

铱(Ⅲ)配合物乏氧肿瘤光动力治疗

祝梓琳, 范中贤, 缪梦昭, 黄怀义*()   

  1. 中山大学药学院(深圳) 广州 510275
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-01 修回日期:2020-11-13 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2020-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 黄怀义
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC22007104); 广东省自然科学基金项目(2019A1515110601); 广东省自然科学基金项目(2021B1515020050); 深圳市科创委基础研究面上项目(JCYJ20190807152616996)
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Photodynamic Therapy of Hypoxic Tumors with Ir(Ⅲ) Complexes

Zilin Zhu, Zhongxian Fan, Mengzhao Miao, Huaiyi Huang()   

  1. School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Received:2020-09-01 Revised:2020-11-13 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2020-12-28
  • Contact: Huaiyi Huang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC22007104); Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2019A1515110601); Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2021B1515020050); Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality Project(JCYJ20190807152616996)

光动力治疗因其无创、可控和不易产生耐药性等显著优点,成为一种新型的肿瘤靶向治疗模式。光敏化过程涉及光敏剂对氧分子的光激活反应,然而实体肿瘤的乏氧环境严重限制了传统有机光敏剂的疗效。金属铱配合物具有良好的光物理和光化学性质,是理想的新一代光敏剂,近些年,铱光敏剂被发现可以应用于乏氧肿瘤的光动力治疗。本文总结了近些年金属铱配合物应用于乏氧肿瘤光动力治疗的研究;同时介绍了基于铱配合物的乏氧纳米复合体系的构建和乏氧肿瘤的光动力治疗研究,为开发新型高效的乏氧肿瘤治疗光敏剂及其载体提供参考。

关键词： 铱配合物, 乏氧, 光动力治疗, 纳米复合体系

Photodynamic therapy has become a new method to treat cancer because of noninvasive, controllable features and less drug resistance compared with chemotherapy. The photo-sensitization pathway involves the photoactivation of molecular oxygen by photosensitizer. However, due to the hypoxic environment of solid tumors, the photodynamic therapeutic effect of traditional photosensitizers is severely suppressed. Metallic Ir(Ⅲ) complexes exhibit excellent photo-physical and photo-chemical properties which make them ideal next-generation photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. It has been reported that some novel Ir(Ⅲ) complexes show excellent photodynamic therapy effect towards hypoxic tumors. In this review, we focus on the recent studies on the application of Ir(Ⅲ) complexes to photodynamic therapy under hypoxia. Furthermore, the applications of Ir(Ⅲ) complexes containing nanocomposite system for hypoxic photodynamic therapy are also summarized, with the hope to provide guidance for the development of novel and efficient photosensitizers for hypoxic tumor.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on iridium complexes

2.1 Type I PDT in the hypoxic environment

2.2 Type II PDT in the hypoxic environment

3 Nanocomposite system for PDT of hypoxic tumors

3.1 Up-conversion nanocomposite system

3.2 Polymer nanocomposite system

4 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: iridium complexes, hypoxia, photodynamic therapy, nanocomposite system
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图1 配合物1a~c、2a~c和3a~c的化学结构式[29]
Fig. 1 Chemical structures of complexes 1a~c、2a~c and 3a~c[29]
图2 配合物4a和4b的化学结构式[30]
Fig. 2 Chemical structures of complexes 4a and 4b[30]
图3 配合物5a~d的化学结构式[35,36]
Fig. 3 Chemical structures of complexes 5a~d[35,36]
图4 配合物6的化学结构式[37]
Fig. 4 Chemical structure of complex 6[37]
图5 配合物7的化学结构式[38]
Fig. 5 Chemical structure of complex 7[38]
图6 配合物8a和8b的化学结构式[45]
Fig. 6 Chemical structures of complexes 8a and 8b[45]
图7 配合物9a~d的化学结构式[46]
Fig. 7 Chemical structures of complexes 9a~d[46]
图8 配合物10a~d的化学结构式[55]
Fig. 8 Chemical structures of complexes 10a~d[55]
图9 配合物11的化学结构式[56]
Fig. 9 Chemical structures of complexes 11[56]
图10 UCNP@IrYCF127的合成及其抗癌模式示意图[70]
Fig.10 Schematic illustration of the fabrication of UCNP@IrYCF127 and its anticancer pattern[70]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.
图11 用于乏氧成像的13/PSMA点的设计策略及其在光动力治疗中的作用机制[72]
Fig. 11 Design strategy of the phosphorescent polymer dots (13/PSMA dots) for hypoxia imaging and the mechanisms of 13/PSMA dots in photodynamic therapy[72]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society.
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