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化学进展 2020, Vol. 32 Issue (1): 23-32 DOI: 10.7536/PC190704 前一篇   后一篇

所属专题： 电化学有机合成

• •

单原子催化剂合成方法

吴文浩, 雷文, 王丽琼, 王森, 张海军**()   

  1. 1. 武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室 武汉 430081
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-05 出版日期:2020-01-15 发布日期:2019-12-11
  • 通讯作者: 张海军
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51672194); 国家自然科学基金项目(51872210); 湖北省教育厅高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划(T201602); 湖北自然科学基金创新群体项目资助(2017CFA004)
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Preparation of Single Atom Catalysts

Wenhao Wu, Wen Lei, Liqiong Wang, Sen Wang, Haijun Zhang**()   

  1. 1. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
  • Received:2019-07-05 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2019-12-11
  • Contact: Haijun Zhang
  • About author:
    ** E-mail:
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672194); National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872210); Excellent Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Team Program of Hubei Provincial Education Department(T201602); Hubei Natural Science Foundation Innovation Group Project(2017CFA004)

单原子催化剂作为一种原子尺度的催化剂,在制氢、CO氧化及光催化等领域均具有广阔的应用前景。大量实验结果和理论计算证实了金属单原子和载体之间的相互作用,及由两者之间电荷转移引起的电子结构改变是单原子催化剂具有高的选择性和催化活性的主要原因。本文着重综述了近年来共沉淀法、化学还原法及浸渍法所制备单原子催化剂的催化性能,并进行展望。

关键词： 单原子催化剂, 共沉淀法, 化学还原法, 浸渍法

Single atom catalysts, as catalysts with atomic scale, have a wide range of applications in the fields of hydrogen production, CO oxidation, photocatalysts, etc. Extensive efforts of experimental/theoretical studies show that the strong metal support interactions and the changes in electronic structure are the main reasons for the high selectivity and catalytic activity of the single atom catalysts. This paper mainly summarizes the recent researches on the preparation methods including coprecipitation method, successive reduction method and wet-impregnation method, catalytic performance and high catalytic selectivity of single atom catalysts. And finally, the prospects for future investigations of single atom catalysts are proposed.

Key words: single atom catalysts, coprecipitation method, successive reduction method, wet-impregnation method
()
表1 常用的单原子催化剂制备方法
Table 1 Commonly used preparation methods for single atom catalysts
Preparation
method		 Catalyst Carrier Reaction catalyzed Advantages Disadvantages Ref
Coprecipitation Pt FeO x CO oxidation even distribution of active single atoms on carrier catalytic activity
susceptible to many
factors and low load		 17
Ir FeO x water gas conversion 8
Ag Hollandite-type
MnO2 		Hydrogenation of glyoxylate 35
34
PtAu MCNTs formic acid oxidation
Successive reduction method Au Pd nanocluster glucose oxidation excellent catalytic
activity and long
shelf life		 complicated preparation
and hard-to-control
structure		 30
Au IrPd nanocluster glucose oxidation 36
Au Pd nanocluster glucose oxidation 37
Pd1 Au33or Au43 benzyl alcohol oxidation 31
NiCu SiO2 ethanol dehydrogenation 38
Wet-impregmation method Pt Fe-N-C ORR facile process and no need for specific
appaaratus		 Low load 39
Rh ZnO Hydroformylation of olefins 40
Pt Sb-doped tin oxide formic acid oxidation 41
CoN graphene Cathode catalyst of Zn air battery 42
Pt θ-Al2O3 CO oxidation 43
Ni graphene Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution 44
Au TiO2 water gas conversion 45
图1 Pt1/FeO x 单原子催化剂的HAADF-STEM图像[17]
Fig. 1 HAADF-STEM images of Pt1/FeO x single atom catalysts[17]
图2 Ag/Hollandite型MnO2的合成过程示意图[35]
Fig. 2 Schematic formation mechanisms of Ag/Hollandite-MnO2 [35]
图3 (a) Pt/多壁碳纳米管、Pt/C、Au25/多壁碳纳米管及Pt1Au24/多壁碳纳米管的CV图;(b)Pt掺杂Au25(Pt1Au24(SR)18)团簇单原子催化剂HCOOH氧化示意图[34]
Fig. 3 (a) CVs of Pt/MCNTs, Pt/C (top panel), Au25/MCNTs and Pt1Au24/MCNTs; (b) Illustration of single Pt atom-doped Au25(Pt1Au24(SR)18) NCs for HCOOH oxidation[34]
图4 置换反应法制备皇冠-明珠结构Au-Pd单原子催化剂过程示意图[46]
Fig. 4 Schematic illustration of synthesis of Crown-Jewel structure of Au-Pd SACs by replacement reaction method[46]
图5 (a) Pt1@Fe-N-C的元素面扫描图像;(b) Pt1@Fe-N-C的催化活性示意图[39]
Fig. 5 (a) Elemental mapping of Pt1@Fe-N-C catalyst; (b) Proposed schematic diagram of Pt1-O2-Fe1-N4-C12 as the active moiety of Pt1@Fe-N-C[39]
图6 (a) 单原子催化剂CoN4/氮掺杂石墨烯的合成示意图;(b) CoN4/氮掺杂石墨烯的HAADF-STEM图像[42]
Fig. 6 (a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of single-atom CoN4/NG catalyst; (b) HAADF-STEM image of the CoN4/NG with cobalt atom bright points[42]
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摘要

单原子催化剂合成方法