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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (5): 686-696 DOI: 10.7536/PC151141 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

多级孔磷酸铝分子筛的合成、表征及催化应用

赵新红*, 高向平, 郝志鑫, 张晓晓   

  1. 兰州理工大学石油化工学院 兰州 730050
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-01 修回日期:2016-01-01 出版日期:2016-05-15 发布日期:2016-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 赵新红 E-mail:licpzhaoxh@lut.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.21306072)资助
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Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Applications of Hierarchically Porous Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves

Zhao Xinhong*, Gao Xiangping, Hao Zhixin, Zhang Xiaoxiao   

  1. School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
  • Received:2015-11-01 Revised:2016-01-01 Online:2016-05-15 Published:2016-03-25
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21306072).
同时含有微孔和介孔的多级孔磷酸铝分子筛由于能减少微孔磷酸铝分子筛在涉及大分子的催化反应中的扩散限制,近年来逐渐成为人们的研究热点。本文主要阐述了多级孔磷酸铝分子筛的合成、表征和催化应用方面的最新进展。根据多级孔的生成机制,将多级孔磷酸铝分子筛的合成方法分成了四类,即硬模板法、软模板法、无模板法和后处理法,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了系统的比较。以磷酸硅铝分子筛为例,评述了各种表征多级孔分子筛的酸性和孔结构的方法。最后,对多级孔磷酸硅铝分子筛在三类重要的催化反应(即烷基化反应、异构化反应和甲醇制烯烃)中的研究进展进行了综述。
关键词： 多级孔磷酸铝, 沸石, 模板法, 后处理法, 催化应用
Hierarchically porous aluminophosphate molecular sieves possessing both micropores and mesopores recently receive increasing interest because they can reduce diffusion limitations in the reactions involving bulky molecules. This paper mainly focuses on the latest development of synthesis, characterizations and catalytic applications of hierarchically porous aluminophosphate molecular sieves. According to the formation mechanism of hierarchical pores, the synthetic methods of the hierarchical structured aluminophosphate molecular sieves can be classified into four categories: hard template, soft template, nontemplated and post-synthesis method. The advantages and disadvantages of these synthetic methods are systematically compared with each other. From the point view of industrial application, the nontemplated and post-synthesis methods are more promising compared to other synthetic routes. In addition, various techniques characterizing the acid properties and pore textures of hierarchically porous molecular sieves are described, taking silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve as an example. However, most of these measurements need to be performed on complex expensive instruments, and the process is time-consuming. Thus, to develop some facile and general characterization techniques is highly desirable.Finally, the catalytic applications of these hierarchically porous materials in three kinds of important reactions (such as alkylation reaction, isomerization reaction and methanol to olefins) are reviewed. The relationships between the catalytic performances and the properties of catalysts are analyzed in detail.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of hierarchically porous aluminophosphate molecular sieves
2.1 Hard-template method
2.2 Soft-template method
2.3 Nontemplated method
2.4 Post-synthesis method
3 Characterizations of acid properties and pore textures
4 Catalytic applications of hierarchically porous aluminophosphate molecular sieves
4.1 Alkylation reaction
4.2 Isomerization reaction
4.3 Methanol (dimethyl ether) to olefins
4.4 Other reactions
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: hierarchically porous aluminophosphate, zeolite, template method, post-synthesis method, catalytic applications

中图分类号: 

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