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化学进展 2016, Vol. 28 Issue (8): 1265-1288 DOI: 10.7536/PC151105 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

固体氧化物电解池

赵晨欢, 张文强, 于波*, 王建晨, 陈靖   

  1. 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院 先进核能技术协同创新中心 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-01 修回日期:2016-03-01 出版日期:2016-08-15 发布日期:2016-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 于波 E-mail:cassy_yu@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（No.21273128，51202123）和教育部长江学者与创新团队计划（IRT13026）资助
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Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells

Zhao Chenhuan, Zhang Wenqiang, Yu Bo*, Wang Jianchen, Chen Jing   

  1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2015-11-01 Revised:2016-03-01 Online:2016-08-15 Published:2016-05-17
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21273128, 51202123) and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13026)
固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）是一种先进的电化学能量转化装置，可利用清洁一次能源产生的电能和热能，以H2O和/或CO2为原料，高效电解制备氢气或碳氢燃料，有望实现大规模能量高效转化和存储。该技术具有高效、简单、灵活、环境友好等特点，是目前国际能源领域的研究热点。本文就固体氧化电解池技术原理、关键材料、电堆技术、衰减控制和经济竞争力等方面进行分析和介绍，并对其应用前景进行展望。
关键词： 固体氧化物电解池, 储能, 能量转化, 衰减机理
The rapid growth of energy demand and carbon emission poses unprecedented challenges to sustainable development and economic expansion worldwide. Development of clean energy has become a common choice worldwide. The promising alternative clean energies include solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and nuclear. And research and development in energy conversion and storage have becoming increasingly attractive. Solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) is an advanced electrochemical energy conversion device, which can produce hydrogen or synthesis gas by highly efficient electrolysis of H2O or CO2+H2O using a high temperature heat and electrical energy. The high temperature heat and electricity could be supplied simultaneously by the clean primary energy (solar, wind or nuclear energy). Also, SOEC can be operated reversibly in fuel cell mode (Solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC) for electricity production when additional electricity is needed. SOEC is a potential technology for large scale energy conversion and storage application due to the advantages of highly efficient, simple, flexible and environmentally friendly features. In this paper, the principle of SOEC is introduced respectively in detail from the perspective of thermodynamic and kinetic analysis. The current state-of-the art key materials used in solid oxide electrolysis tests are summarized, including anode, cathode, electrolyte materials and so on. The recent development in advanced stack technologies are overviewed worlwide, the main degradation modes and mechanisms of SOEC are pointed out and discussed, and the economic competitiveness of SOEC technology is carefully analyzed. On this basis, the potential application prospect of SOEC in the future are given.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Principle of SOEC
2.1 Compositon of Electrolysis cells
2.2 Thermodynamics of electrolysis
2.3 Kinetics of electrolysis
3 Key materials
3.1 Anode materials
3.2 Cathode materials
3.3 Electrolyte materials
3.4 Other materials
4 Research statuses of SOEC stacks
5 Degradation mechanisms of SOEC
5.1 Oxygen electrode
5.2 Hydrogen electrode
5.3 Electrolyte
6 Analysis of economic competitiveness
7 Technological prospects

Key words: SOEC, energy storage, energy conversion, degradation mechanism

中图分类号: 

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摘要

固体氧化物电解池