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化学进展 2015, Vol. 27 Issue (9): 1147-1157 DOI: 10.7536/PC150349 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

直接甲醇燃料电池的阳极和阴极催化剂

林玲, 朱青, 徐安武*   

  1. 中国科学技术大学 合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-01 修回日期:2015-05-01 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 徐安武 E-mail:anwuxu@ustc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 21271165)和国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No. 2011CB933702)资助
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Anode Catalysts and Cathode Catalysts of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Lin Ling, Zhu Qing, Xu Anwu*   

  1. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
  • Received:2015-03-01 Revised:2015-05-01 Online:2015-09-15 Published:2015-06-24
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21271165) and the State Key Basic Science Research Project of China (No. 2011CB933702).
直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)由于其结构简单、能量密度高、易携带、无污染等优点,成为燃料电池未来发展的方向。阳极和阴极催化剂的活性和稳定性是决定DMFC性能、寿命和成本的关键。然而,商业催化剂铂(Pt)的低储量和高成本限制了DMFC的广泛应用,同时,非铂类催化剂的活性和稳定性还需要进一步提高,以达到商业化应用的要求。本文综述了近年来国内外DMFC阳极和阴极催化剂的最新研究进展。首先,对于阳极甲醇氧化催化剂,分别对Pt基催化剂的改性和非Pt类催化剂的研究进展进行了详细介绍;其次,概述了Pt基阴极氧还原催化剂的改性和非Pt阴极催化剂的发展现状;此外,对于催化剂与载体的强相互作用产生的协同效应进行了总结论述;最后,对直接甲醇燃料电池阳极和阴极催化剂的发展前景进行了展望。
关键词： 燃料电池, 甲醇, 催化剂, 铂基, 非铂
Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) appears to be one of the most promising systems of various fuel cells, due to their simple structure, high energy density, easy transportation and environment friendly. The activity and stability of the anode and cathode catalysts determine the performance and stability of DMFC. Platinum (Pt) has the highest activity toward both anodic and cathodic reactions. However, the low abundance and high cost of commercial platinum catalyst hinder the widespread application of DMFC. Therefore, developing non-platinum catalysts is of great significance to the wide application of DMFC. Although researchers have made great progress in non-platinum catalysts research in recent years, the activity and stability of non-platinum catalysts still need further improvement to meet the requirements of commercial application. In this review article, the research progresses anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell in recent years are summarized. The development of the Pt-based and Pt-free anode and cathode catalysts of DMFC is described in detail, respectively. Besides, the synergistic effect from strong interaction between Pt-based catalyst and catalyst supports is also discussed. Finally, the further development in the anode and cathode catalysts of DMFC is expected.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Anode catalysts
2.1 Platinum-based anode catalysts
2.2 Non-platinum anode catalysts
3 Cathode catalysts
3.1 Platinum-based cathode catalysts
3.2 Non-platinum cathode catalysts
4 Synergistic effect between Pt-based catalyst and supports
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: fuel cells, methanol, catalysts, platinum-based, non-platinum

中图分类号: 

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