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化学进展 2015, Vol. 27 Issue (2/3): 310-320 DOI: 10.7536/PC140827 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

车用质子交换膜燃料电池材料部件

王诚*1, 王树博1, 张剑波2, 李建秋2, 欧阳明高2, 王建龙1   

  1. 1. 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院 北京 100084;
    2. 清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-01 修回日期:2014-11-01 出版日期:2015-03-15 发布日期:2014-12-22
  • 通讯作者: 王诚 E-mail:wangcheng@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.U1462112),科技部国际合作项目(No.2013DFG41460,2013DFG60080),国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2012CB215401),国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2013AA110202)资助

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The Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Wang Cheng*1, Wang Shubo1, Zhang Jianbo2, Li Jianqiu2, Yang Minggao2, Wang Jianlong1   

  1. 1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2014-08-01 Revised:2014-11-01 Online:2015-03-15 Published:2014-12-22
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1462112),the Program of Internatinal S&T Cooperation (No.2013DFG41460, 2013DFG60080),the State Key Basic Science Research Project of China (No.2012CB215401), and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2013AA110202).

车用燃料电池主要包括质子交换膜燃料电池、金属-空气燃料电池等,其中质子交换膜燃料电池是目前车用燃料电池的主要开发对象(以下简称车用燃料电池)。经过全球范围内近十年的持续研发,车用燃料电池在能量效率、功率密度与比功率、低温启动等功能特性方面已经取得了突破性进展,新一轮的燃料电池汽车产业化浪潮正在迫近。然而,车用燃料电池的耐久性和成本还没达到预期商业化目标,是其产业化的最后障碍。探索和研发燃料电池用新型关键材料部件是解决这两大问题、推进其商业化进程的关键所在,也是车用燃料电池长期的研究重点和热点。本文系统地梳理了近几年来车用燃料电池质子交换膜、催化层、气体扩散层、双板板关键材料部件的研究进展和成果,并分类进行了简要评述,分析了其性能与商业化目标的差距。最后展望了车用燃料电池关键材料部件今后的发展方向。

关键词： 氢能, 燃料电池汽车, 催化剂, 质子交换膜, 扩散层, 双极板

Vehicle fuel cells include proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), metal/air fuel cell, etc. The PEMFC is the most promising candidate for automobile application. Through over a decade continuous research and development all over the world, the performances of PEMFC, such as energy efficiency, volume and mass power density, low temperature start ability, have attained breakthrough progress. A new round of fuel cell automobile industrialization has been being approached. However, the properties of durability and cost of the PEMFC system have not met the target of industrialization, and the state of art of durability and cost become the obstacles of PEMFC automobiles industrialization. The novel key materials and components used in the PEMFC should be focused on in the future study, and must be further researched and developed for the two obstacles resolution and the PEMFC industrialization promotion. In this paper, based on a large number of current research articles, the progress and achievement of key materials and components for PEMFC, include proton exchange membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plate, have been detailed analyzed and classified reviewed. The gap between their state of art and the target of industrialization is analyzed and the emphasis development direction in the future is summarized based on the key materials and components.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Proton exchange membrane
3 Catalyst layer
3.1 Catalysts
3.2 Support materials for catalysts
3.3 Fabrication technology of catalyst layer
4 Gas diffusion layer
5 Bipolar plate
6 Summary and outlook

Key words: hydrogen energy, fuel cell automobile, catalyst, proton exchange membrane, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plate

中图分类号: 

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