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化学进展 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (10): 1752-1762 DOI: 10.7536/PC140524 前一篇   

• 综述与评论 •

微纤化纤维素的制备及应用

周素坤, 毛健贞, 许凤*   

  1. 北京林业大学林木生物质化学北京市重点实验室 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-01 修回日期:2014-07-01 出版日期:2014-10-15 发布日期:2014-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 许凤 E-mail:xfx315@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家十二五科技支撑计划项目（No. 2012BAD32B06）资助

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Preparation and Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose

Zhou Sukun, Mao Jianzhen, Xu Feng*   

  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2014-05-01 Revised:2014-07-01 Online:2014-10-15 Published:2014-08-12
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National Science and Technology Program of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2012BAD32B06)

微纤化纤维素（MFC）是一种新型的纳米级功能材料，由于其具有生物相容性、生物可降解性、优良的力学性能、光学性能以及阻隔性能，在纳米纸、气凝胶、复合材料、造纸、医药等诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景。但MFC在制备及应用过程中还存在诸多问题，例如机械处理能耗高，无法工业化生产；MFC极性强，在非极性基质中分散不均，这些都限制了其在纳米复合材料领域的发展，因此需要通过预处理降低机械处理过程中的能耗，同时系统地对MFC与聚合物复合机理进行研究以拓宽MFC的应用领域。本文综述了MFC的制备方法及其在纳米纸、气凝胶及纳米复合材料方面的应用现状，并对MFC的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词： 微纤化纤维素, 机械处理, 预处理, 纳米纸, 气凝胶, 纳米复合材料

Microfibrillated cellulose(MFC)is a new kind of functional nano-materials. Due to its advantages of biocompatibility, biodegradable, excellent mechanical, special optical and high barrier properties, it has extensive application prospects such as nanopaper, aerogel, nanocomposite materials, papermaking, medicine, etc. However, there remains many problems of MFC preparation and application. The main challenge is the high energy consumption regarding the mechanical fibrillation, which makes it impossible to industrial production. Meanwhile, the strong polar of MFC restricts its good dispersion in non-polar matrices and limits its applications in nanocomposites production. Accordingly, pretreatments before mechanical isolation are needed to reduce the high energy consumption and the composite mechanism of MFC and polymers should be studied systematically to satisfy more possible applications. This review focuses on MFC preparation and its applications in nanopaper, aerogel, nanocomposites. At last the future development of MFC is prospected.

Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Nanocrystalline cellulose
1.2 Bacterial nanocellulose
1.3 Microfibrillated cellulose
2 Preparation of MFC
2.1 Mechanical methods
2.2 Pretreatment
3 Applications of MFC
3.1 Nanopaper
3.2 Aerogel
3.3 MFC nanocomposites
3.4 Other applications
4 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: MFC, mechanical treatment, pretreatment, nanopaper, aerogel, nanocomposites

中图分类号: 

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摘要

微纤化纤维素的制备及应用