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化学进展 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (07): 1107-1119 DOI: 10.7536/PC140116 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

纳米粒子的界面自组装

杨平辉, 孙巍*, 胡思, 陈忠仁   

  1. 宁波大学材料科学与化学化工学院 宁波 315211
  • 收稿日期:2014-01-01 修回日期:2014-02-01 出版日期:2014-07-15 发布日期:2014-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 孙巍 E-mail:sunwei@nbu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（No.21104036）、宁波大学校学科项目（xkl11050）和宁波大学王宽诚幸福基金资助

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Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles at Interfaces

Yang Pinghui, Sun Wei*, Hu Si, Chen Zhongren   

  1. The School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
  • Received:2014-01-01 Revised:2014-02-01 Online:2014-07-15 Published:2014-05-22
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21104036), Subject Funding of Ningbo University (xkl11050) and K. C. Wong Magna Found in Ningbo University

近年来，随着纳米技术的发展及Pickering乳液在食品、化妆品、医药等领域中的应用，纳米粒子的界面自组装现象引起了人们的广泛关注。界面能的降低是纳米粒子液液界面自组装的主要驱动力。通过改变纳米粒子的尺寸和表面配体的化学性质，可控制纳米粒子的界面自组装行为。本文综述了不同类型纳米粒子实现界面自组装的研究工作，包括均质纳米粒子、Janus纳米粒子、棒状纳米粒子以及生物纳米粒子。最后，对纳米粒子的界面组装这一领域的可能发展做了展望。

关键词： 自组装, 纳米粒子, Pickering乳液, 界面

Self-assembly of nanoparticles at interfaces has become the focus of extensive studies since the phenomenon of Pickering emulsion, known as a fact that solid particles can spontaneously migrate onto fluid/fluid interface forming monolayer or multilayer, acting as the "surfactant" to stabilize the emulsion, was firstly established in early 20th century. Using interface, especially fluid/fluid interface, to guide the directed assemblies of nanoparticles is of great scientific interest for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. For liquid/liquid interface-induced assembly, reduction of the interfacial energy is the dominating driving force. Self-assembly processes can be controlled by tuning the sizes of the nanoparticles as well as the chemical characteristics of the ligands on the particle surfaces. In this review, self-assembly behavior of different types of nanoparticles, including homogeneous, Janus-type, rod-type, and biological nanoparticles, and their applications are summarized. All these studies have shed new light on the basic understandings of self-assembly of nanoparticles at interfaces and widened the application fields of nanoparticles. The hierarchically ordered structures generated by self-assembly of nanoparticles could find extensive applications in various fields, such as optics, acoustics, electricity, magnetics, medicine, etc. Furthermore, the limitation and future development in the field of self-assembly of nanoparticles at interfaces are elucidated.

Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Pickering emulsion
1.2 Nanoparticles as building block
2 Self-assembly of nanoparticles at interface
2.1 Homogeneous nanoparticles
2.2 Janus nanoparticles
2.3 Rod-type nanoparticles
2.4 Biological nanoparticles
3 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: self-assembly, nanoparticles, Pickering emulsions, interfaces

中图分类号: 

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摘要

纳米粒子的界面自组装