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化学进展 2014, Vol. 26 Issue (07): 1172-1189 DOI: 10.7536/PC131235 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

生物医用结冷胶及其改性水凝胶材料

康丁1, 张洪斌*1, 西成胜好2   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学化学化工学院 高分子科学与工程系流变学研究所 上海 200240;
    2. 日本大阪市立大学 生命科学部 大阪 558-8585
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-01 修回日期:2014-01-01 出版日期:2014-07-15 发布日期:2014-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 张洪斌 E-mail:hbzhang@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（No.21274090，21074071）和上海市重点学科建设项目（No.B202）资助

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Gellan Gum and Modified Gellan Gum Hydrogels as Biomedical Materials

Kang Ding1, Zhang Hongbin*1, Nishinari Katsuyoshi2   

  1. 1. Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    2. Faculty of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
  • Received:2013-12-01 Revised:2014-01-01 Online:2014-07-15 Published:2014-05-22
  • Supported by:

    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 21274090,21074071)and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(No. B202)

结冷胶是一种线型聚阴离子微生物多糖，具有独特的凝胶特性和溶液流变学性质，自发现起即被应用于食品和化妆品中。近年来，随着生物医学学科的发展，天然高分子结冷胶及其水凝胶，在药物传递系统和组织工程材料等领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。结冷胶无毒，具有生物相容性和可生物降解性，所形成的水凝胶透明且稳定性好，并在一定条件下凝胶的力学性质与人体普通组织相近。结冷胶的这些优势使其成为一种良好的生物医用材料的制备来源。但是这种基于结冷胶的水凝胶也有其自身的缺点，如作为组织工程材料缺乏一定的韧性和组织负载能力等。这些不足在很大程度上限制了其在生物医学领域的应用。为了解决上述问题，许多研究者对结冷胶进行了化学和物理的改性。改性后的结冷胶材料在生物医学领域展现出更有发展的应用前景。本文综述了结冷胶凝胶的形成机理以及结冷胶的改性方法，重点详述了结冷胶及其改性材料在生物医学领域中的应用，并指出了结冷胶基组织工程材料在应用上应解决的一些挑战性问题。

关键词： 结冷胶, 水凝胶, 凝胶机理, 化学改性, 复合改性, 生物医用材料

Gellan gum is an anionic linear microbial polysaccharide. It has been extensively used in foods and cosmetics industries due to its special gelling property and rheological behavior of its aqueous solution since the early stage of its discovery. Recently, gellan gum as a natural polymer and its hydrogel show a wide range of application perspective in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Gellan gum is nontoxic, biocompatible, biodegradable and the resulting hydrogel is transparent and stable. The mechanical properties of gellan gum hydrogel are similar to those of normal human tissues under certain conditions. These advantages provide gellan gum versatile characteristics as a source of biomaterials. However, gellan gum-based hydrogels have intrinsic disadvantages such as lack of toughness and tissue tolerance as tissue engineering materials. These defects restrict their use in biomedical field. In order to solve these problems, quite a lot of work on chemical and physical modification on gellan gum has been carried out. Modified gellan gum reveals a much more promising perspective in the development of biomedical materials. In this paper, we summarize the gelation mechanism of gellan gum and various modification methods, and highlight the application of gellan gum and modified gellan gum based hydrogels in biomedical field. We also point out a number of main challenges for gellan gum-based tissue engineering materials.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structure and properties of gellan gum
2.1 Chemical structure and conformation
2.2 Rheological property of aqueous gellan gum solution
2.3 Gelation mechnism of gellan gum hydrogels
3 Chemical/physical modifications of gellan gum and their effect
3.1 Derivatization
3.2 Hydrophobization
3.3 Crosslinking
3.4 Graft copolymerization
3.5 Dual interpenetrating network
3.6 Compound modification
4 Applications of gellan gum and its modified materials in biomedicine
4.1 Drug controlled release
4.2 Tissue engineering
4.3 Other biological applications
5 Outlook

Key words: gellan gum, hydrogel, gelation mechanism, chemical modification, composite modification, biomedical materials

中图分类号: 

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