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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (12): 1989-1998 DOI: 10.7536/PC130504 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

太阳能光解水的光阳极材料

周文理, 谢青季*, 廉世勋   

  1. 湖南师范大学化学化工学院 化学生物学及中药分析教育部重点实验室 长沙 410081
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-01 修回日期:2013-06-01 出版日期:2013-12-15 发布日期:2013-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 谢青季 E-mail:xieqj@hunnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（No. 21075036，21175042）；湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划和湖南省博士后科研资助专项计划（2013RS4025）资助

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Photoelectrode Materials for Solar Water Splitting

Zhou Wenli, Xie Qingji*, Lian Shixun   

  1. Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
  • Received:2013-05-01 Revised:2013-06-01 Online:2013-12-15 Published:2013-09-17

光电化学（PEC）分解水制氢将太阳能转化成化学能，被认为有望替代化石能源而成为人类获取能源的最主要方式之一，受到人们的普遍关注。通过各种方法寻找和研究有应用潜力的半导体材料是该领域目前的重要研究方向。本文系统地评述了国内外最受关注的一些半导体材料在光电化学分解水制氢方面的研究进展，主要包括TiO2，α-Fe2O3，BiVO4，WO3和TaON；总结了改善光阳极半导体光电化学性能的策略，包括元素掺杂、形貌控制、表面修饰（包覆钝化层与担载共催化剂）和构建异质结。

关键词： 光电化学池, 光电催化, 半导体, 光阳极, 水分解

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting converts solar energy into chemical energy which is stored in form of chemical bonds (H2 and O2) with the aid of an artificial photocatalyst. As one of the most fundamental ways to address the increasing global demand for energy, PEC solar energy conversion has been intensely investigated over the last four decades. Recently, many efforts have been made to find appropriate materials and improve the present promising conductors that can transform solar energy to produce chemical fuels. From the principle of PEC water splitting, this paper systematically reviews recent advances in some promising photoelectrode materials for PEC water splitting, including TiO2, α-Fe2O3, BiVO4, WO3 and TaON. Moreover, the recent progresses in improving PEC performance of the photoelectrode materials by some typical strategies are critically detailed and compared, including: (1) Element doping for enhancing visible light absorption in the wide bandgap semiconductor and increasing the donor density; (2) morphology control for increasing the specified surface area and shortening the average distance that photogenerated holes travel toward surface of photoelectrode; (3) surface treatments for passivating surface state by coating passivation overlayers and reducing the overpotential through loading cocatalysts; (4) heterojunction for enlarging light absorption and improving electron-hole separation. Finally, research trends in PEC cells for solar hydrogen production are discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Element doping
3 Morphology control
4 Surface treatments
4.1 Coating passivation layers
4.2 Loading cocatalysts
5 Heterojunction
6 Conclusions and outlook

Key words: photoelectrochemical cells, photoelectrocatalysis, semiconductors, photoelectrodes, water splitting

中图分类号: 

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摘要

太阳能光解水的光阳极材料