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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (11): 1962-1972 DOI: 10.7536/PC130321 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

神经元电极的表面修饰及其功能化设计

肖横洋1, 第凤1, 车剑飞1*, 肖迎红2*   

  1. 1. 南京理工大学化工学院 教育部软化学与功能材料重点实验室 南京 210094;
    2. 南京师范大学 江苏省生物功能材料重点实验室 南京 210097
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-01 修回日期:2013-06-01 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 车剑飞, 肖迎红 E-mail:chjianfei@mail.njust.edu.cn;yhxiao@njnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    教育部博士点基金(20123219110010)、江苏省自然科学基金项目(No.BK2012845)和江苏省优势学科建设项目资助

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Surface Modification and Functionalization of Neural Electrodes

Xiao Hengyang1, Di Feng1, Che Jianfei1*, Xiao Yinghong2*   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
    2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
  • Received:2013-03-01 Revised:2013-06-01 Online:2013-11-15 Published:2013-09-12

神经元电极与神经组织的物理化学性能之间存在着很大的差异,目前常采用优化电极表面性质的方法来改善神经元电极的长期稳定性。本文从神经元电极表面修饰的角度出发,首先介绍了神经元电极发展过程中在生物相容性、信号灵敏性、力学匹配性以及长期稳定性等方面遇到的困难,并总结了导电聚合物和碳纳米管这两种材料单独修饰以及协同修饰神经元电极在改善电极性能研究中取得的进展。最后指出神经元电极表面修饰及其功能化的未来发展趋势,包括生物分子的掺杂对修饰涂层的机械性能和表面形貌特征的调整,修饰涂层与电极基材之间的附着,以及涂层长期生物相容性的评价方法。

关键词： 神经元电极, 表面修饰, 导电聚合物, 碳纳米管

The great mismatch in physical and chemical properties between the hard electrodes and the soft brain tissues is still a barrier to achieve ideal neural prosthetic devices with excellent long-term performance. The current solutions focus on tailoring the properties of the electrode surface. This review summarizes the impediments that hinder the development of the neural electrodes including poor biocompatibility, low sensitivity, high impedance and poor stability, and then presents the progress in the surface modification and functionalization of neural electrodes. Conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes have been applied to modify the electrode surface due to their good electrical conductivity. Finally, promising strategies and methods for the development in the field are prospected, which include controlling surface morphology to optimize the mechanical properties, doping of biospecies and improving the interfacial adhesion between the modifying coatings and the electrode substrates.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The development of neural electrodes
3 The challenges in the development of neural electrodes
3.1 Biocompatibility
3.2 Signal sensitivity
3.3 Mechanical match
3.4 Long-term stability
4 Surface modification with conducting polymers
4.1 Properties of conducting polymers
4.2 The methods of surface modification with conducting polymers
4.3 The challenges of surface modification with conducting polymers
5 Surface modification with carbon nanotubes
5.1 Properties of carbon nanotubes
5.2 The methods of surface modification with carbon nanotubes
5.3 The composite coating of conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes
6 Conclusions and prospects

Key words: neural electrodes, surface modification, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes

中图分类号: 

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