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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (11): 1951-1961 DOI: 10.7536/PC130180 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

聚合物基空心微球的制备方法及应用

张卫红1,2, 黄怡1, 田威2*   

  1. 1. 咸阳师范学院化学与化工学院 咸阳 712000;
    2. 空间应用物理与化学教育部重点实验室 陕西省高分子科学与技术重点实验室 西北工业大学理学院应用化学系 西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-01 修回日期:2013-04-01 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 田威 E-mail:happytw_3000@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 21004049)、陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(No. 2011JM2012)、陕西省高分子科学与技术重点实验室开放课题和陕西省青年科技新星项目资助

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Polymer-Based Hollow Microspheres：Preparation Methods and Applications

Zhang Weihong1,2, Huang Yi1, Tian Wei2*   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
  • Received:2013-01-01 Revised:2013-04-01 Online:2013-11-15 Published:2013-09-12

由于具有低密度、高比表面积和高负载能力等特点,聚合物基空心微球在白色颜料、药物包载及控释、生物活性物质及催化剂载体、微型反应器等领域中具有广泛的应用前景,是当前高分子材料领域的研究热点之一。因此,探索新的合成方法制备聚合物基空心微球具有重要科学意义和广泛的应用价值。本文根据制备方法的不同,分别从渗透溶胀法、模板法、LBL自组装法等制备聚合物基空心微球的经典方法,以及自组装法、软模板法、Pickering乳液聚合法和可自去除模板法等为代表的新方法两大方面进行了总结和概括。同时,还对聚合物基空心微球应用于不同领域做了简要介绍,最后对其当前存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行了探讨。

关键词： 聚合物基空心微球, 制备方法, 应用

Due to their advantageous properties such as lower density, high specific surface and high loading capacity, polymer-based hollow microspheres show promising potential of applications in the areas of white pigment, carriers for drugs, bioactive and catalytically active substances, micro-reactor, etc. Thus, it is a worthwhile and challenging work to prepare polymer-based hollow microspheres by exploring new methods and new technologies. Here, the development of the preparation methods and applications of polymer-based hollow microspheres are reviewed. Firstly, the traditional methods, such as osmotic swelling method, hard template synthesis method, layer-by-layer assembly, and etc. are introduced. Then, the new methods presented in recent years, including self-assembly method, soft template synthesis method, Pickering emulsion polymerization and self-removing template method, are emphatically described. Furthermore, the applications of polymer-based hollow microspheres are introduced briefly. At last, the current problems as well as the corresponding research directions are discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Traditional methods to prepare polymer-based hollow microspheres
2.1 Osmotic swelling method
2.2 Seed swelling polymerization
2.3 Hard template synthesis method
2.4 Layer-by-layer assembly
2.5 Miniemulsion or microemulsion polymerization
2.6 W/O/W method
3 New methods to prepare polymer-based hollow microspheres in recent years
3.1 Solvent-evaporation method
3.2 Self-assembly method
3.3 Soft template synthesis method
3.4 Cross-linked micelles method
3.5 Pickering emulsion polymerization
3.6 Self-removing template method
4 Applications of polymer-based hollow microspheres
4.1 Covering pigment
4.2 Microreactors
4.3 Wastewater treatment
4.4 Drug carrier and controlled release
4.5 Encapsulation and immobilization of bioactive and catalytically active substances
5 Conclusion and outlook

Key words: polymer-based hollow microspheres, preparation methods, applications

中图分类号: 

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