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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (0203): 370-379 DOI: 10.7536/PC120842 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

单分子宽场光学显微成像技术

刘晓君, 涂洋, 盖宏伟*   

  1. 江苏师范大学化学化工学院 徐州 221116
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-01 修回日期:2012-10-01 出版日期:2013-02-24 发布日期:2012-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 盖宏伟 E-mail:gai@jsnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 20705007,21075033)资助

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Imaging of Single Molecules by Wide-Field Optical Microscopy

Liu Xiaojun, Tu Yang, Gai Hongwei*   

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • Received:2012-08-01 Revised:2012-10-01 Online:2013-02-24 Published:2012-12-28

单分子宽场光学显微成像技术是单分子检测技术的一种,具有通量高、参数多样、可实时动态监测等优点。本文评述了单分子宽场光学显微成像的技术方法、标记探针、判定原则、检测参数及其在分析化学、生物物理学等领域的应用,指出单分子成像技术正在向仪器设备的实用化、简易化,测量参数的精确化、可视化,研究范围的广泛化、复杂化等方面发展。未来几年单分子成像的研究重点可能会集中在实用定量、突破衍射极限的距离测量、重要生物过程的机理探索和纳米目标物的表征等方面。

关键词： 单分子成像, 单分子示踪, 单分子芯片, 量子点, 宽场显微术

Among the techniques used for single molecule detection, wide-field optical microscopy offers the advantages of high throughput, multiple parameters and dynamic real-time monitoring. In the review, the wide-field optical microscopy apparatus, methods, detectable parameters, imaging probes, identifications criterion of single molecules, and applications in the fields of analytical and biophysics are summarized. Single molecule imaging is trending toward apparatus commercialization, operation simplicity, and process visualization with more accuracy in a wider and more complicated field. In the near future, the topics of single molecule detection will focus on quantitative analysis of biological sample, sub-diffraction-limit resolution, important biological mechanism, and characterization of nano-materials. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Apparatus for wide-field imaging
2.1 Epi-fluorescence microscope
2.2 Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope
2.3 Dark-field microscopy
3 Probes
3.1 Fluorescent probes
3.2 Scattering probes
4 Identification of single molecules and measurable parameters
4.1 Principles to identify single molecule
4.2 Parameters
5 Applications
5.1 Single-molecule quantification
5.2 Molecular behavior related to separation
5.3 Molecular interactions
5.4 Single molecule tracking
5.5 Single-molecule far-field nanoscopy
6 Outlook

Key words: single molecule imaging, single molecule tracking, single molecule chip, quantum dots, wide-field microscopy

中图分类号: 

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单分子宽场光学显微成像技术