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化学进展 1999, Vol. 11 Issue (04): 338-   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

新一代表面活性剂: Geminis

赵剑曦   

  1. 福州大学化学系　福州 350002
  • 收稿日期:1998-11-01 修回日期:1999-04-01 出版日期:1999-11-24 发布日期:1999-11-24
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A New Generation of Surfactants: Geminis

Zhao Jianxi   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
  • Received:1998-11-01 Revised:1999-04-01 Online:1999-11-24 Published:1999-11-24

表面活性剂Gemini (或称dimeric) 是由两个单链单头基普通表面活性剂在离子头基处通过化学键联接而成, 因而阻抑了表面活性剂有序聚集过程中的头基分离力, 极大提高了表面活性。与当前为提高表面活性而进行的大量尝试, 如添加盐类、提高温度或将阴离子表面活性剂与阳离子表面活性剂混合相比较, Gemini 表面活性剂是概念上的突破, 因而被誉为新一代的表面活性剂。

关键词： 表面活性剂, geminis, 联接基团, 高表面活性

Gemini (or dimeric) surfactants are made up of two identical amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at the level of the headgroups by a spacer group. By this way the separation between the polar headgroups with in gemini surfactants is strongly decreased when they aggregate and thus the surface activity is greatly enhanced. Introduction of gemini surfactants is a break through in concept compared with general tests in enhancing surface activity, for example, addition of salt, increasing temperature or mixing an ionic cationic surfactants. Therefore gemini surfactants were reputed as a new generation of surfactants.

Key words: surfactants, geminis, spacer group, high surface activity
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摘要

新一代表面活性剂: Geminis