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化学进展 2013, Vol. 25 Issue (12): 2093-2102 DOI: 10.7536/PC130427 前一篇   后一篇

• 综述与评论 •

磷酸乙二酯类聚合物的合成及其生物应用

孙盟盟, 何勇, 杨万泰, 尹梅贞*   

  1. 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院 化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室 碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2013-04-01 修回日期:2013-06-01 出版日期:2013-12-15 发布日期:2013-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 尹梅贞 E-mail:yinmz@mail.buct.edu.cn
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Synthesis and Bio-Application of Poly(Ethylene Phosphate)

Sun Mengmeng, He Yong, Yang Wantai, Yin Meizhen*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2013-04-01 Revised:2013-06-01 Online:2013-12-15 Published:2013-09-17

磷酸酯类聚合物具有生物可降解及生物相容性的优点。分子中的磷以五价状态存在，其化学结构具有多样性和可设计性，容易进行化学修饰和功能化，因此该类聚合物的物理化学性质容易调节。由于磷酸酯类聚合物在药物控制释放、基因载体及组织工程等众多领域具有广阔的应用前景，因此近年来引起越来越多科研工作者的关注。其中，应用最广泛的是磷酸乙二酯类聚合物。本文围绕磷酸乙二酯类聚合物的结构特征，简单介绍了一系列磷酸乙二酯单体及其聚合物的合成方法。此外，根据近年来国内外的研究新成果，以几种具有代表性拓扑结构的磷酸乙二酯类聚合物为例，阐述了它们在药物装载、基因工程和组织工程等生物医学领域的应用。最后本文结合磷酸乙二酯类聚合物的优异性能，展望了其在生命科学领域的发展前景。

关键词： 聚磷酸乙二酯, 生物应用, 药物基因载体, 组织工程

Polyphosphoesters are a class of biodegradable polymers with repeated phosphoester linkage in the backbone. Due to their biocompatibility and structural similarities to naturally occurring nucleic and teichoic acids, functionalized polyphosphoesters have attracted more and more attention in the last decade and have currently been studied extensively. The phosphorus is a pentavalent atom and can be modified by the incorporation of various substituents, which leads to formation of versatile structures and the easy side-chain functionalization, thus, it allows effective modification of their physical and chemical properties. Therefore polyphosphoesters have been applied in drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering and so on. Among them, the most popular and widely used of such polymers is poly(ethylene phosphate). This review briefly summarizes the structural characteristics of poly(ethylene phosphate) and the controlled synthetic methods, which provide access to novel and complex polymer structures. The article focuses on the various types of synthetic poly(ethylene phosphate) such as linear, star and hyperbranched derivatives, particularly those poly(ethylene phosphate) derivatives that applied in biological fields are highlighted. In addition, on the basis of current research in the fields, this paper presents several representative topologies of poly(ethylene phosphate) and their application in drug/gene deliveries and tissue engineering. At last we propose the prospects of poly(ethylene phosphate) development in life sciences, and we look forward to better communication with other scientists in this field.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of poly(ethylene phosphate)
2.1 Synthesis of poly(ethylene phosphate) monomers
2.2 Ring-open polymerization of poly(ethylene phosphate) monomers
3 Structures of poly(ethylene phosphate)
3.1 Linear poly(ethylene phosphate)
3.2 Star-shape poly(ethylene phosphate)
3.3 Hyperbranched poly(ethylene phosphate)
3.4 Other structures
4 Applications of poly(ethylene phosphate) in biology
4.1 Drug delivery and release
4.2 Gene delivery
4.3 Tissue engineering
5 Conclusions and outlook

Key words: poly(ethylene phosphate), biological application, drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering

中图分类号: 

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