“热点论文”在科学界已经是耳熟能详的名词。顾名思义,热点论文即为众人所关注的论文。这种关注度在科学计量学领域可以用论文被引用的次数来量化和测度。我们以2016–2020年中国科学家的SCI论文为数据基础,分领域统计了自发表以来被引频次最高的论文,以展现颇具显示度的中国科技成果。本期发布的热点论文榜涉及数学、物理学、化学、生物学、医学、农学、地学、环境科学和工程技术9个领域。
表1 中国数学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000424123600006 | Ma WX等. Lump solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations via Hirota bilinear forms. Journal of Differential Equations, 2018, 264(4), 2633-2659. | 浙江师范大学 | 395 |
| 2 | WOS:000432625800013 | Tong TJ*等. Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and/or mid-quartile range. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2018, 27(6), 1785-1805. | 香港浸会大学† | 364 |
| 3 | WOS:000373631500013 | Luo ZQ*等. Convergence analysis of alternating direction method of multipliers for a family of nonconvex problems. SIAM Journal on Optimization, 2016, 26(1), 337-364. | 香港中文大学（深圳）† | 279 |
| 4 | WOS:000401780500025 | Stynes M*等. Error analysis of a finite difference method on graded meshes for a time-fractional diffusion equation. SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, 2017, 55(2), 1057-1079. | 北京计算科学研究中心† | 259 |
| 5 | WOS:000425483000020 | Ma WX等. Diversity of interaction solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Ito equation. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2018, 75(1), 289-295. | 上海电力大学 | 226 |
| 6 | WOS:000452424900009 | Chen HB*等. Existence and multiplicity of solutions for p(x)-Laplacian equations in R-N. Mathematische Nachrichten, 2018, 291(16), 2476-2488. | 中南大学† | 225 |
| 7 | WOS:000388551100014 | Tian SF*等. Initial-boundary value problems for the general coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation on the interval via the Fokas method. Journal of Differential Equations, 2017, 262(1), 506-558. | 中国矿业大学† | 215 |
| 8 | WOS:000405539100017 | Zhang JB等. Mixed lump-kink solutions to the BKP equation. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2017, 74(3), 591-596. | 江苏师范大学 | 189 |
| 9 | WOS:000411773600019 | Zhao HQ等. Mixed lump-kink solutions to the KP equation. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2017, 74(6), 1399-1405. | 上海对外经贸大学 | 186 |
| 10 | WOS:000441321500005 | Ma WX*等. Lump and lump-soliton solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Ito equation. Analysis and Mathematical Physics, 2018, 8(3), 427-436. | 山东科技大学† | 184 |
表2 中国物理学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000444513300035 | Wan XJ*等. Organic and solution-processed tandem solar cells with 17.3% efficiency. Science, 2018, 361(6407), 1094-1098. | 南开大学† | 1538 |
| 2 | WOS:000472545400013 | You JB*等. Surface passivation of perovskite film for efficient solar cells. Nature Photonics, 2019, 13(7), 460-466. | 中国科学院半导体研究所† | 1407 |
| 3 | WOS:000367806500033 | Zhao LD*等. Ultrahigh power factor and thermoelectric performance in hole-doped single-crystal SnSe. Science, 2016, 351(6269), 141-144. | 北京航空航天大学† | 1005 |
| 4 | WOS:000387393400007 | Wang JP*等. Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on solution-processed self-organized multiple quantum wells. Nature Photonics, 2016, 10(11), 699-704. | 南京工业大学† | 955 |
| 5 | WOS:000377476500017 | Zhu J*等. 3D self-assembly of aluminium nanoparticles for plasmon-enhanced solar desalination. Nature Photonics, 2016, 10(6), 393-398. | 南京大学† | 945 |
| 6 | WOS:000372508400006 | Zhang Q*等. A review of solid electrolyte interphases on lithium metal anode. Advanced Science, 2016, 3(3). | 清华大学† | 889 |
| 7 | WOS:000426153800012 | Li G*等. Next-generation organic photovoltaics based on non-fullerene acceptors. Nature Photonics, 2018, 12(3), 131-142. | 香港理工大学† | 876 |
| 8 | WOS:000407994800003 | Wang M*等. The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(3). | 中国科学院近代物理研究所† | 834 |
| 9 | WOS:000370246900001 | Dulat S*等. New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics. Physical Review D, 2016, 93(3). | 新疆大学† | 753 |
| 10 | WOS:000405661100003 | Liu JP*等. Battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices: Recent progress and future prospects. Advanced Science, 2017, 4(7). | 武汉理工大学† | 699 |
注：1. 中国作者定义：指论文中标注了中国机构的作者,可能包含来华访问的外国人。
2. 作者统计口径：为突出中国作者的贡献,排行榜的论文均为中国作者作为通信作者或第一作者的论文。如果中国作者为通信作者,以*表示,如果多个通信作者则给出第一个。
3. 作者机构：排行榜中只标注了作者所属的中国机构,作者有多个中国机构时标记第一机构;通信作者所在机构以†表示。
4. 统计时间窗：2016–2020年。
5. 数据下载时间：2021年7月20日。
表3 中国化学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000394561900003 | Xu YJ*等. Electrocatalysis for the oxygen evolution Reaction: Recent development and future perspectives. Chemical Society Reviews, 2017, 46(2), 337-365. | 福州大学† | 2158 |
| 2 | WOS:000372854800003 | Shao MH*等. Recent advances in electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. Chemical Reviews, 2016, 116(6), 3594-3657. | 香港科技大学† | 2076 |
| 3 | WOS:000407540500012 | Zhang Q*等. Toward safe lithium metal anode in rechargeable batteries: A review. Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(15), 10403-10473. | 清华大学† | 2009 |
| 4 | WOS:000402691800005 | Yao HF*等. Molecular optimization enables over 13% efficiency in organic solar cells. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2017, 139(21), 7148-7151. | 中国科学院化学研究所† | 1918 |
| 5 | WOS:000386342500006 | Xia YY*等. Electrochemical capacitors: mechanism, materials, systems, characterization and applications. Chemical Society Reviews, 2016, 45(21), 5925-5950. | 复旦大学† | 1725 |
| 6 | WOS:000372255400002 | Zhang B*等. Recent advances in transition metal phosphide nanomaterials: Synthesis and applications in hydrogen evolution reaction. Chemical Society Reviews, 2016, 45(6), 1529-1541. | 天津大学† | 1643 |
| 7 | WOS:000369044300003 | Acena JL*等. Next generation of fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals, compounds currently in phase II-III clinical trials of major pharmaceutical companies: New structural trends and therapeutic areas. Chemical Reviews, 2016, 116(2), 422-518. | 中国科学院上海药物研究所† | 1206 |
| 8 | WOS:000373990100038 | Zhang B等. Homogeneously dispersed multimetal oxygen-evolving catalysts. Science, 2016, 352(6283), 333-337. | 华东理工大学 | 1124 |
| 9 | WOS:000371607800016 | Zhai HJ*等. Observation and characterization of the smallest borospherene, B-28(-) and B-28. Journal of Chemical Physics, 2016, 144(6). | 山西大学† | 1108 |
| 10 | WOS:000374403800014 | Li JR*等. Zr-based metal-organic frameworks: Design, synthesis, structure, and applications. Chemical Society Reviews, 2016, 45(8), 2327-2367. | 北京工业大学† | 1107 |
表4 中国生物学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000518098100001 | Shi ZL*等. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 2020, 579(7798), 270-273. | 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所† | 4794 |
| 2 | WOS:000518098100002 | Zhang YZ*等. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature, 2020, 579(7798), 265-269. | 复旦大学† | 3084 |
| 3 | WOS:000404427000015 | Zhang ZM*等. GEPIA: A web server for cancer and normal gene expression profiling and interactive analyses. Nucleic Acids Research, 2017, 45(W1), W98-W102. | 北京大学† | 2689 |
| 4 | WOS:000529597900002 | Hu JL*等. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19. Nature Medicine, 2020, 26(6), 845-848. | 重庆医科大学† | 2570 |
| 5 | WOS:000458510700009 | Shi ZL*等. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2019, 17(3), 181-192. | 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所† | 1541 |
| 6 | WOS:000523251600029 | Zhou Q*等. Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2. Science, 2020, 367(6485), 1444-1448. | 浙江西湖高等研究院† | 1485 |
| 7 | WOS:000526227300001 | Lau EHY*等. Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19. Nature Medicine, 2020, 26(5), 672-675. | 香港大学† | 1303 |
| 8 | WOS:000530819400001 | Wang XQ*等. Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor. Nature, 2020, 581(7807), 215-220. | 清华大学† | 1230 |
| 9 | WOS:000386343100010 | Zhu JK*等. Abiotic stress signaling and responses in plants. Cell, 2016, 167(2), 313-324. | 中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心† | 1218 |
| 10 | WOS:000419550700098 | Hermjakob H*等. The reactome pathway knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Research, 2018, 46(D1), D649-D655. | 国家蛋白质科学中心（北京）† | 1211 |
表5 中国医学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000514576900032 | Wang JW*等. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223), 497-506. | 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院† | 15299 |
| 2 | WOS:000371886900004 | He J*等. Cancer statistics in China, 2015. CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2016, 66(2), 115-132. | 国家癌症中心† | 10376 |
| 3 | WOS:000531351300014 | Zhong N*等. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020, 382(18), 1708-1720. | 广东医科大学† | 9730 |
| 4 | WOS:000522650100033 | Chen H*等. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 2020, 395(10229), 1054-1062. | 武汉市金银潭医院† | 9021 |
| 5 | WOS:000521968800018 | Peng ZY*等. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA-Journal of the American Medical Association, 2020, 323(11), 1061-1069. | 武汉大学† | 8625 |
| 6 | WOS:000517119800008 | Wu GZ*等. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020, 382(8), 727-733. | 中国疾病预防控制中心† | 8394 |
| 7 | WOS:000514576900033 | Zhang L*等. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223), 507-513. | 武汉市金银潭医院† | 7432 |
| 8 | WOS:000522357300007 | Cowling BJ*等. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020, 382(13), 1199-1207. | 香港大学† | 5117 |
| 9 | WOS:000514849400027 | Tan WJ*等. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet, 2020, 395(10224), 565-574. | 中国疾病预防控制中心† | 4089 |
| 10 | WOS:000514576900034 | Yuen KY*等. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: A study of a family cluster. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223), 514-523. | 香港大学† | 3353 |
表6 中国农业科学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000408536000041 | Piao SL*等. Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017, 114(35), 9326-9331. | 北京大学† | 458 |
| 2 | WOS:000376052700001 | Wang HY*等. Effect of biochar additions to soil on nitrogen leaching, microbial biomass and bacterial community structure. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2016, 74, 1-8. | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所† | 350 |
| 3 | WOS:000374060500001 | Wang JY*等. Biochar stability in soil: Meta-analysis of decomposition and priming effects. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 2016, 8(3), 512-523. | 南京农业大学† | 324 |
| 4 | WOS:000373528500011 | Li Y*等. Quercetin, inflammation and immunity. Nutrients, 2016, 8(3), 167. | 东北农业大学† | 315 |
| 5 | WOS:000393723300014 | Hong HY*等. A comparative study of logistic model tree, random forest, and classification and regression tree models for spatial prediction of landslide susceptibility. Catena, 2017, 151, 147-160. | 江西省气象局† | 293 |
| 6 | WOS:000364890000038 | Zhang YB*等. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Food Control, 2016, 59, 282-289. | 上海应用技术大学† | 273 |
| 7 | WOS:000368354500009 | Liang L*等. Microencapsulation of oils: A comprehensive review of benefits, techniques, and applications. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2016, 15(1), 143-182. | 江南大学† | 241 |
| 8 | WOS:000383020000002 | Liu YG*等. Biochar to improve soil fertility. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2016, 36(2). | 湖南大学† | 240 |
| 9 | WOS:000384860700003 | Gao YX*等. The biological activities, chemical stability, metabolism and delivery systems of quercetin: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2016, 56, 21-38. | 中国农业大学† | 239 |
| 10 | WOS:000361922800160 | Wang J*等. Advances in characterisation and biological activities of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides. Food Chemistry, 2016, 190, 1174-1181. | 中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所† | 219 |
表7 中国地学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000385178700043 | Chen YS*等. Deep feature extraction and classification of hyperspectral images based on convolutional neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2016, 54(10), 6232-6251. | 哈尔滨工业大学† | 892 |
| 2 | WOS:000390007400005 | Zhang LP*等. Deep learning for remote sensing data: A technical tutorial on the state of the art. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine, 2016, 4(2), 22-40. | 武汉大学† | 801 |
| 3 | WOS:000385713500051 | Han JW*等. Learning rotation-invariant convolutional neural networks for object detection in VHR optical remote sensing images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2016, 54(12), 7405-7415. | 西北工业大学† | 738 |
| 4 | WOS:000388835700047 | Zhang RY*等. Persistent sulfate formation from London fog to Chinese haze. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113(48), 13630-13635. | 北京大学† | 637 |
| 5 | WOS:000394594500006 | Zhang Q*等. MIX: A mosaic Asian anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2017, 17(2), 935-963. | 清华大学† | 559 |
| 6 | WOS:000446368900004 | Zhang Q*等. Trends in China's anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence of clean air actions. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2018, 18(19), 14095-14111. | 清华大学† | 514 |
| 7 | WOS:000391268800017 | He KB*等. Reactive nitrogen chemistry in aerosol water as a source of sulfate during haze events in China. Science Advances, 2016, 2(12). | 清华大学† | 487 |
| 8 | WOS:000377312500002 | Han JW*等. A survey on object detection in optical remote sensing images. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2016, 117, 11-28. | 西北工业大学† | 464 |
| 9 | WOS:000381434600015 | Du SH*等. Spectral-spatial feature extraction for hyperspectral image classification: A dimension reduction and deep learning approach. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2016, 54(8), 4544-4554. | 北京大学† | 453 |
| 10 | WOS:000378676000027 | Cheng H*等. The Asian monsoon over the past 640,000 years and ice age terminations. Nature, 2016, 534(7609), 640-646. | 西安交通大学† | 437 |
表8 中国环境科学领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000522389200269 | Ho RC*等. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, 17(5). | 淮北师范大学† | 2161 |
| 2 | WOS:000393305300004 | Lam TTY*等. GGTREE: An R package for visualization and annotation of phylogenetic trees with their covariates and other associated data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2017, 8(1), 28-36. | 香港大学† | 875 |
| 3 | WOS:000370963400017 | Huang JP*等. Accelerated dryland expansion under climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2016, 6(2), 166-171. | 兰州大学† | 774 |
| 4 | WOS:000372243600003 | Yan J*等. Carbon materials for high volumetric performance supercapacitors: Design, progress, challenges and opportunities. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(3), 729-762. | 哈尔滨工程大学† | 767 |
| 5 | WOS:000382134800019 | Piao SL*等. Greening of the Earth and its drivers. Nature Climate Change, 2016, 6(8), 791-795. | 中国科学院青藏高原研究所† | 726 |
| 6 | WOS:000382749700002 | Gong JL*等. CO2 photo-reduction: Insights into CO2 activation and reaction on surfaces of photocatalysts. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(7), 2177-2196. | 天津大学† | 717 |
| 7 | WOS:000423017000003 | Qiao SZ*等. Rational design of electrocatalysts and photo(electro) catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions. Energy & Environmental Science, 2018, 11(1), 45-56. | 天津大学† | 639 |
| 8 | WOS:000374351200009 | Yu XY等. Carbon coated porous nickel phosphides nanoplates for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(4), 1246-1250. | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | 632 |
| 9 | WOS:000550961100001 | Xiao X*等. Acute and subchronic toxicity of Ag+-laden liposomes on Daphnia magna: The effect of encapsulation. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 2020, 55(11), 1349-1358. | 中国矿业大学† | 624 |
| 10 | WOS:000380295700004 | Wang XK*等. Environmental remediation and application of nanoscale zero-valent iron and its composites for the removal of heavy metal ions: A Review. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016, 50(14), 7290-7304. | 华北电力大学† | 606 |
| 环境 | WOS:000367622700009 | Li B*等. Nitrogen-doped activated carbon for a high energy hybrid supercapacitor. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(1), 102-106. | 同济大学† | 606 |
表9 中国工程技术领域热点论文（2016–2020年）
| 序号 | WOS号 | 论文题目 | 作者机构 | 被引频次 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WOS:000369989600008 | Dong C*等. Image super-resolution using deep convolutional networks. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2016, 38(2), 295-307. | 香港中文大学† | 2683 |
| 2 | WOS:000545415400015 | Hu J等. Squeeze-and-excitation networks. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2020, 42(8), 2011-2023. | 中国科学院软件研究所 | 2508 |
| 3 | WOS:000394101300001 | Yan H*等. Efficient organic solar cells processed from hydrocarbon solvents. Nature Energy, 2016, 1. | 香港科技大学† | 1728 |
| 4 | WOS:000465149000023 | Zou YP*等. Single-junction organic solar cell with over 15% efficiency using fused-ring acceptor with electron-deficient core. Joule, 2019, 3(4), 1140-1151. | 中南大学† | 1718 |
| 5 | WOS:000401297400005 | Zhang K*等. Beyond a gaussian denoiser: Residual learning of deep CNN for image denoising. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2017, 26(7), 3142-3155. | 哈尔滨工业大学† | 1702 |
| 6 | WOS:000377672200001 | Tian ZQ*等. Nanostructure-based plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for surface analysis of materials. Nature Reviews Materials, 2016, 1(6). | 厦门大学† | 1693 |
| 7 | WOS:000367842400001 | Sun XP*等. Recent progress in cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical water splitting. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(2), 215-230. | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所† | 1431 |
| 8 | WOS:000377531900023 | Hou JH*等. Fullerene-free polymer solar cells with over 11% efficiency and excellent thermal stability. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(23), 4734-4739. | 中国科学院化学研究所† | 1385 |
| 9 | WOS:000423153800009 | Hou JH*等. Organic solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptors. Nature Materials, 2018, 17(2), 119-128. | 中国科学院化学研究所† | 1348 |
| 10 | WOS:000401563200004 | Yu JG*等. Heterojunction photocatalysts. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(20). | 武汉理工大学† | 1334 |
