With the use of bibliometric analysis, this paper analyzes international patents of probiotics to reflect the current status of probiotics industry. Through the analysis of the competitive situation among countries and organizations in the field of probiotics, this paper reflects the technical and application distribution of them. This paper also selects some representative organizations and specifically interprets its patent content so as to identify the core competitiveness of them, which would give a reference to the development of probiotics industry in the future.

Synthetic biology is a hot spot and frontier in the field of biology in the 21st century. Based on the patent data collected in incoPat database, this paper analyzes the global patent in the field of synthetic biology from 1999 to 2018.It reveals the research and development status of the global patent research, major countries distribution, leading patent applicants, main application fields and hot spots of technology research in the field of synthetic biology quantitatively. At the same time, the research output of China in this field is analyzed to provide reference for the research decision and research work in the field of synthetic biology in China.

Bibliometrics research method was used to search the "artificial intelligence" subject literature published in the field of "meteorology and atmospheric science" in the SCI-E database (from web of science) from 2000 to 2018. The distribution of publication years, countries (regions), institutions, and authors were statistically analyzed, and the following conclusions were drawn. The number of articles on artificial intelligence subject has been increasing rapidly. The United States ranks first in both output and impact in this field. China is the second most published country, but its influence needs to be enhanced. Combined with high-frequency keywords, highly cited papers and expert knowledge, the development trend and hot research directions of artificial intelligence application in atmospheric science were comprehensively studied and determined.